Radiosensitivity Tissue

Tissue radiosensitivity: what is it and how does it work?

Tissue radiosensitivity is the ability of body tissues to respond to exposure to radiation fields. This feature of tissues is determined by their structure and functions. High radiosensitivity of tissues is typical for poorly differentiated tissues, such as tumors, as well as for tissues that are actively involved in division and growth.

The main reason for the high radiosensitivity of poorly differentiated tissues is their high metabolic activity and rapid cell division. These processes lead to an increase in the frequency of mutations in the genetic material of cells and a deterioration in their ability to repair damaged DNA. Therefore, radiation can have negative effects on these tissues, causing various forms of damage and dysfunction.

The high radiosensitivity of poorly differentiated tissues is used in medicine to treat cancer. Radiation therapy, which uses high-energy rays, aims to destroy tumor cells and is used as a treatment for various forms of cancer. However, with this treatment method there is a risk of damage to healthy tissue, which is also sensitive to radiation.

In addition, tissue radiosensitivity can be used to diagnose diseases. Computed tomography can produce images of internal organs and tissues using X-rays. Different tissues have different ray absorption coefficients, which makes it possible to obtain an image of the internal structure of organs and identify pathologies.

Thus, tissue radiosensitivity is an important feature that plays an important role in medicine. The high radiosensitivity of poorly differentiated tissues, such as tumors, allows the use of radiation therapy to treat cancer. However, with this treatment method there is a risk of damage to healthy tissue, which is also sensitive to radiation. In addition, tissue radiosensitivity can be used to diagnose diseases.

Radiosensitivity of tissue

Radiosensitivity of tissues is the ability of body tissues to be destroyed under the influence of ionizing radiation. This ability depends on many factors, including age and the state of the immune system, but also tissue structure. The radiosensitivity of tumor cells is of particular importance, since they are most susceptible to radiation. The high radiosensitivity of tumors is due to the peculiarities of their structure and metabolism.

Tumor radiosensitivity consists of a high ability to restore and replicate DNA; - the ability to adapt to conditions of hyperhydration; - high concentration of calcium ions in cells;

All these properties create favorable conditions for the activation of cellular antitumor immunity and the development of radiation necrosis. Radiosensitive cells die earlier through their intracellular destruction.

A moderate increase in the level of oroacrylic acid and, consequently, suppression of the activity of α, β 3 - glycosidase contribute to the rapid development of the tumor process. Less responsible for tumor regulatory genes that increase the rate of metabolism of compounds with high radiotoxicity. The radiotoxicity of oroacrylate causes not only severe disturbances in the functioning of tumor epithelial cells, but also a large response from the remaining healthy normal cells of the body at the level of the body's immune response and changes in all their proteins. As a result, the specific toxic reaction of oroacarylate monomers manifests itself in the form of a destructive carcinogenic effect.