Cancer Pre-invasive

Preinvasive cancer: features and clinical significance

Preinvasive cancer, also known as carcinoma in situ, is a condition in which cancer cells are limited in their growth on the surface or within the epithelial layer of tissues, without invading adjacent tissues or organs. This is the stage before invasive cancer, when cancer cells begin to spread and invade surrounding tissue.

The main sign of preinvasive cancer is the presence of changes in epithelial cells, which can be detected by microscopic examination of a biopsy specimen or during special diagnostic procedures such as colonoscopy, mammography or cytological examination. Although preinvasive cancer is not an invasive cancer, it has a high potential to progress and become an invasive form of cancer.

One of the most common examples of preinvasive cancer is cervical cancer, known as carcinoma in situ of the cervix. In this case, the cancer cells are confined within the cervical epithelium and do not penetrate into the deeper layers of the tissue. Early detection and treatment of preinvasive cervical cancer is critical to prevent its progression to invasive cancer and save patients' lives.

The clinical significance of preinvasive cancer is that its timely detection and treatment can prevent the development of invasive cancer and significantly improve the prognosis of the disease. Often, preinvasive cancer is detected during early screening or diagnostic testing, allowing treatment to begin in the early stages of the disease. Treatment usually involves removing the damaged tissue or destroying it using methods such as surgery, laser photocoagulation, or cryodestruction.

In conclusion, preinvasive cancer is a stage of cancer in which the tumor is limited in its growth and does not invade surrounding tissue. Early detection and treatment of preinvasive cancer is important to prevent progression to invasive cancer and ensure the best treatment outcomes. Regular medical examinations and screening programs play a key role in identifying this precancerous condition and helping to maintain the health and well-being of patients.