Gastroreal Porges reflex

Gastroileal Porges reflex: Mechanism and Meaning

The gastroileal Porges reflex, named after the French physiologist Jean-Jacques Porges, is an important neuro-humoral mechanism that regulates the processes of food digestion in the body. This reflex provides coordination between the stomach and ileum, matching the rate of exit of the food bolus from the stomach and its digestion in the intestinal tract.

The term "gastroreal" combines two anatomical terms: "gastro" refers to the stomach, and "ileal" refers to the ileum. This reflex is part of a broader system of digestive regulation, including the nervous system and hormonal mechanisms.

The mechanism of the gastroileal Porges reflex includes several components. Firstly, when food enters the stomach, its walls are stretched. Distension of the stomach stimulates receptors located in its walls, which transmit signals to the central nervous system. The vagal nerve is then activated, which plays a key role in transmitting signals between the stomach and ileum.

As a result of activation of the vagal nerve, the pyloric sphincter opens, a muscular ring located between the stomach and ileum. This allows partially digested food to enter the intestines gradually, providing optimal conditions for its further digestion and absorption. In addition, the gastroileal Porges reflex stimulates the production of secretory glands of the ileum, which promotes the activation of enzymes and improves digestion.

The importance of the gastroileal Porges reflex is that it helps maintain the harmonious and efficient functioning of the digestive system. Thanks to this reflex, optimal coordination occurs between the speed of food flow and its digestion in the intestine. This allows the body to obtain essential nutrients from food and effectively dispose of waste.

Impaired functioning of the gastroileal Porges reflex can lead to various digestive problems. For example, its hyperactivity can cause frequent and abundant release of food from the contents of the stomach into the intestines, which can lead to decreased digestion efficiency and incomplete absorption of nutrients. On the contrary, underactivity of the reflex can cause food to be retained in the stomach, which leads to a feeling of heaviness, bloating and discomfort.

In conclusion, the gastroileal Porges reflex is an important mechanism for regulating digestion, providing coordination between the stomach and ileum. This reflex allows you to optimize the processes of digestion of food and absorption of nutrients. Understanding its mechanisms and significance may help develop strategies for the treatment and prevention of digestive disorders associated with impairment of this reflex.

Portal pressure reflex according to A.N. Kolosov, or the reflex of G.I. Porta - A.A. Rokita - E. A. Tomilina:

Contraction of the ileocyct improves the absorption of gastric contents into the portal blood. This occurs due to the fact that due to the participation of the aortic sphincter, the venous outflow of blood in the celiac sinus increases. At the same time, an increase in hemocirculation in the left atrium helps to reduce venous pressure in the portal vein system. Therefore, with the participation of the “portal propulsive” process, the propriomotority of the spleen to contraction increases against the background of a decrease