Sprengel's Disease

Sprengel's disease: a rare congenital condition of the shoulder girdle

Sprengel's disease, also known as recurrent elevation of the scapula, is a rare congenital condition of the shoulder girdle that is characterized by elevation of one or both shoulder blades above their normal position. It is named after the German orthopedist Karl Sprengel, who first described the condition in 1891.

This pathology occurs as a result of improper development of the muscles and bones responsible for the movement of the shoulder girdle. Typically, the shoulder girdle consists of four shoulder blades that connect to the collarbone and allow the upper limbs to move freely and in concert. However, with Sprengel disease, one or more shoulder blades remain elevated above their normal position, resulting in limited movement and can cause aesthetic and functional problems.

The causes of Sprengel's disease are not fully known. It is believed that genetic and environmental factors may play a role in its development. The disease is usually diagnosed at birth or in the early stages of childhood. Symptoms can range from mild to severe depending on the severity of the condition.

One of the main symptoms of Sprengel's disease is the elevation of one or both shoulder blades above their normal position on the back. This can be visible to the naked eye and cause aesthetic dissatisfaction. In addition, patients may experience limited movement of the shoulder joint, which may make it difficult to perform certain activities, such as lifting the arms or twisting.

Treatment of Sprengel's disease depends on the severity of the condition and possible functional problems encountered by the patient. In some cases, conservative methods such as physical therapy and exercises to strengthen the muscles and improve shoulder mobility can be quite effective. However, in more severe cases, surgery may be required to restore the normal position of the shoulder blades and restore functionality of the shoulder joint.

It should be noted that the prognosis for patients with Sprengel's disease is usually favorable, especially with timely diagnosis and proper treatment. Modern diagnostic and treatment methods allow children to cope with the limitations associated with Sprengel disease and lead an active and fulfilling life.

In conclusion, Sprengel's disease is a rare congenital condition of the shoulder girdle characterized by elevation of one or both shoulder blades above the normal position. It can cause aesthetic and functional problems by limiting the movement of the shoulder joint. However, modern diagnostic and treatment methods make it possible to achieve positive results in managing this condition. Early detection and timely treatment play an important role in ensuring a favorable prognosis for patients with Sprengel's disease, allowing them to lead an active and healthy lifestyle.