Synovial membrane

Synovium is a thin fibrous membrane that covers joints and provides them with protection and mobility. It consists of several layers, including connective tissue, blood cells and lymphatic vessels.

The synovium performs several important functions. First, it provides joint lubrication by releasing synovial fluid, which reduces friction between joint surfaces. Secondly, it protects joints from damage and infections. Thirdly, it is involved in the metabolism between blood and joint fluid.

The most common disease associated with the synovium is arthritis. It is an inflammatory joint disease that can lead to pain, limited mobility, and joint deformity. Other diseases associated with the synovium include rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout, and Reiter's syndrome.

Various methods are used to treat synovial disease, including drug therapy, physical therapy, surgery, and orthopedic devices. It is important to remember that the health of the synovium depends on a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition.

The synovial membrane (membrane synovialis) is one of the important components of the joint, which provides protection and nutrition to the articular cartilage. It is also involved in the production of synovial fluid, which plays an important role in cushioning and supporting the joint.

The synovial membrane consists of two layers: internal and external. The inner layer is called the endothelium and is a layer of cells that produce synovial fluid. The outer layer is called the pericyte and consists of collagen fibers that provide strength and stability to the shell. Between these layers is the interstitial matrix, which consists of collagen, hyaluronic acid and other proteins.

The functions of the synovium include protecting articular cartilage from mechanical damage, providing nutrition to the cartilage, and producing synovial fluid. Synovial fluid contains hyaluronic acid, which provides cushioning and support to the joint. It also contains growth factors that promote the repair and regeneration of articular cartilage.

Changes in the composition of synovial fluid can lead to various joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and others. For example, with osteoarthritis, synovial fluid becomes thicker and more viscous, which leads to decreased shock absorption and increased friction between joint surfaces. This results in damage to the articular cartilage, which can lead to pain and limited joint mobility.

Various methods can be used to treat joint diseases, including medication, physical therapy, surgery, and others. However, the most effective treatment is to prevent joint disease through proper nutrition, physical activity and avoiding injury.