Seizures are a serious medical problem that can occur in many different medical conditions. Seizures are the main symptom of epilepsy, but can also occur with acute infections, head injuries, certain medications, and certain metabolic disorders.
Acute infections such as influenza, pneumonia, whooping cough, otitis media, encephalitis and meningitis can cause seizures. This is because infections can cause inflammation of the brain or damage to nerve tissue.
Seizures can also occur with certain brain diseases such as cysts, brain tumors, cysticercosis and echinococcosis. These diseases can damage nerve tissue and cause seizures.
Iatrogenic seizures may occur in response to certain medications, such as atropine, insulin, and physostigmine. These medications can affect the nervous system and cause seizures.
Seizures can also be caused by metabolic disorders such as uremic coma in renal failure, hyperinsulinism and diabetes mellitus in insulin overdose, and hypocalcemia (spasmophilia).
Treatment of seizure disorders aims to eliminate seizures, prevent damage to the patient, and treat the underlying disease, if present. In the event of a seizure, the airway must be cleared to prevent suffocation. To do this, you need to turn your head to the side, unclench your teeth, and remove your tongue from your mouth. If seizures occur due to an acute infection, antibiotic therapy should be started immediately.
To treat seizures, medications can be used, such as chloral hydrate in an enema at a dosage of 20-50 ml of a 2% solution, as well as seduxen or sodium hydroxybutyrate intramuscularly or intravenously.
It is important to understand that seizures can be dangerous and require immediate medical attention. If you or a loved one is experiencing seizures, it is important to seek medical help as soon as possible.