Tissue Muscle Smooth

Smooth muscle tissue: structure, functions, distribution

Smooth muscle tissue, or mesenchymal muscle tissue, is one of three types of muscle tissue in humans and animals. It differs from skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue in its morphology, functions and control mechanisms.

The structure of smooth muscle tissue

Smooth muscle tissue consists of individual cells - smooth muscle cells, which have a long and narrow shape and do not have stripes or striae. These cells contain one or more nuclei and have the ability to contract and stretch, which allows them to perform their functions.

Smooth muscle tissue is located in the walls of organs and tissues, such as the intestines, bladder, bronchi, blood vessels, uterus, gall bladder and others. It provides control over the movement of the contents of these organs, regulation of blood flow, and also participates in other biological processes.

Functions of smooth muscle tissue

The main function of smooth muscle tissue is to control the diameter or size of the internal cavities of organs and tissues. For example, in the intestines, it promotes peristalsis - rhythmic contractions of the intestinal walls that move contents forward along the digestive tract. In the uterus, it participates in the birth process by contracting the walls of the uterus and helping to push out the fetus.

Smooth muscle tissue also plays an important role in regulating blood flow. The contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle cells in the walls of blood vessels helps control blood pressure and blood flow in the body.

Spread of smooth muscle tissue

Smooth muscle tissue is found in various organs and tissues of the body. Its presence in the walls of organs allows them to control the movement and flow of contents, as well as regulate blood flow. For example, in the digestive system it forms layers that provide peristaltic movements, in the bronchi it participates in the regulation of breathing, and in the circulatory system it controls blood flow.

Smooth muscle tissue is vital for the normal functioning of the body. Its presence and proper operation ensure control over the movement of contents in organs, regulation of blood flow and other important biological processes.