Indication of general methods of treating putrefactive fevers

Know that when using such fevers, attention is sometimes directed to the fever itself, if the patient’s nature needs to be cooled and moisturized, and sometimes it is directed to matter that needs to be brought to maturity or needs to be expelled. Bringing to maturity with thick matter is achieved by balancing it by liquefying, and with liquid matter by balancing it through thickening. Sometimes the cooling required by the fever is opposed to the ripening, emptying, and dissolving required by the juice, and often the ripening and emptying substance is hot—or rather, it is so in most cases. Then you should pay attention to the more important of these two circumstances. Sometimes cooling with the help of, for example, the juice of watermelon and other vegetables, which is required by a fever, contradicts the requirement to reduce matter, and this does not allow drinking juices, except in cases where there is no matter. In general, it is prudent to postpone the administration of fruit juices for a week and limit yourself to barley water; all fruits are harmful to a feverish person, since they ferment and spoil in the stomach. It often turns out that a substance that promotes ripening, thinning and emptying also cools, such as shikanjubin.

Know that sometimes a fever is so strong and acute that it does not allow its cause to be treated, but on the contrary requires effective cooling, especially if the natural force does not turn out to be powerful, opposing and persistent. If you see that it is opposed to matter and is resistant, then you stop the cause, use remedies against the juice and stop feeding if it does not cool so much that it prevents the dissolution of matter. And if you find the strength insufficient, then begin to change the nature that is opposite to it, cool the nature and revive the strength with nutrition; when you have strengthened the force, reviving it and suppressing what opposes it, return to treating the disease. When you begin to cool the heat during such fevers, then cool it with medicines with astringent and thickening properties, for example, cooling cakes, only after the juices have ripened and emptied.

Know that the treatment of putrid fever is not the same as the treatment of tabes: the treatment of tabes is limited to counteracting the disease, while the treatment of putrid fevers is not limited to counteracting the disease alone, but is aimed at both this and stopping its cause, at least with the help of a means not suitable for this disease. Nutrition itself is a friend of natural force in the sense that it strengthens it, and an enemy in the sense that it is a friend of its enemy, that is, matter; thus it helps both force and matter. Therefore, when applying nutrition, certain Rules are needed, and we devote a separate paragraph to this.

Know that you can treat a fever only after you recognize its type. If you don’t know it, then lighten the diet and try to let the patient have an attack when his stomach is empty; on the day of the attack, do not use any juices, if possible, and do not treat.

With all this, you should take into account the state of the patient’s strength, if his strength is powerful and blood predominates, or if there is blood along with the predominant juice, then the most necessary thing is bloodletting, especially when the urine is red and thick, and not yellow, fiery, and there is no need to be afraid that from bloodletting the bile with its pungency will prevail. Then, after bleeding, especially if there is dryness, apply a slight relaxation, for example, barley water with a small amount of manna or barley water with sikanjubin, and if the nature does not soften, then add, for example, violet drink to the manna. The goal here is only softening, and not a sharp relaxation and release of nature; I most like to use enemas in quantities that provide the required strength of action. Among the light, generally beneficial enemas is an enema prepared from violet oil, squeezed juice of beet leaves, egg yolk, red sugar and bavrac; Such softening is sometimes needed in a period of limit, and it is weaker than what is needed at the beginning, namely, when nature is locked. After this, expel the urine, for example, with the help of sikanjubin, boiled with celery root, or something similar, and then make the patient sweat and open his pores in a way that does not produce strong heat, for example, rubbing in chamomile oil and rubbing with white wine with soft warm water; if the fever is very severe, then no rubbing or watering is allowed. If you see that the juice first deviates towards the stomach and nature moves it towards vomiting, then induce vomiting, but not with any medicine different from the usual one, but for example, shikanjubin with hot water; if there is a deviation of juice towards the intestines and you detect rumbling, downward movement of feces or something similar, then do not go against nature. At the beginning of fevers, do not allow the patient to sleep a lot, especially if he feels goosebumps or cold or chills: then the cold and chills linger and this helps the matter going to some internal organs and prevents the ripening of juices. But during the recession period, sleep is very useful; sometimes it does not harm even in the limit period. Do not forbid the patient cold water, unless the juice is immature and thick, preventing ripening.

Know that if bloodletting was beneficial, but then you used a bad method of treatment and the body was not cleansed, then the fever returns.

As for yellow gall juice, its maturity is expressed in the fact that it becomes thick after it was initially liquid. Cold water has this effect on him, except in cases where the stomach and liver are weak or cold, or there is a tumor in the insides, or the feverish person feels pain in the limbs, or his nature is anemic, or his innate warmth is weak and he becomes weak after drinking. cold water, or if he is accustomed to drinking cold water, such as the inhabitants of hot countries. These latter quickly begin to experience cramps from drinking cold water and are overcome by hiccups. Exhausted patients also belong to this category. If the matter is hot or thick, already ripe, the body is full, the innate warmth is abundant, the strength is significant, the internal organs are healthy and not cold by nature, and the patient is not unaccustomed to cold water, but, on the contrary, is accustomed to drinking very cold water, then cold water - the best thing for him, for it often helps to expel matter through the release of nature, as well as in vomit, urine or perspiration, or in all ways at once, and the patient immediately recovers.

It happens that the doctor forces the patient to drink a large amount of cold water, up to one manna and a half, so that he even turns blue and trembles, and after this the fever sometimes passes into the mucous membrane, and sometimes nature overpowers and expels the matter in perspiration, urine or relaxation, and recovery occurs.

If there is a tumor in any place, but you are afraid that heat and thirst will cause harm, and you think that this will lead to wasting, then do not forbid drinking cold water, because the enlargement and immaturity of the tumor is sometimes better than wasting. Sikanjubin often calms and stops thirst and lets go of nature; its harmfulness to the tumor is not as great as the harmfulness of water, and it does not contribute to the accumulation and compaction of matter in the same way as highly diluted julab.

When it is not appropriate to drink cold water, but the patient still dares to do so, it may be feared that it will cause the pores to contract and cause another fever due to the occurrence of another blockage, and the second fever is often stronger than the first. If cold water enters a weak organ, it disrupts its function: it often makes swallowing difficult, makes breathing difficult and causes trembling, spasms, weakening of the bladder, kidneys or colon. Most of those who should be prohibited from cold water are people who suffer from it while being healthy, but if you see strength in the appearance of a patient, and his muscles are thick, his nature is hot and dry, and you have had a bowel movement, then allow him sometimes plunge into cold water.

During the recession, when signs of maturation of matter appear and the juices have been emptied, it is not bad for the patient. use a bathhouse, drink liquid, diluted wine and rub in dissolving oils.

When you have fulfilled the above-mentioned rules of treatment at the onset of fever, then after that you should begin to bring the matsriya to maturity through evacuation; this is done not by reducing the amount of matter and drying it out, as we have already said, but by suppressing the cause of the disease. Do not remove immature matter with hot or cold juice except by necessity: doctors often remove a lot of inappropriate juice, which is not prepared due to maturity for excretion, and sometimes bad juice is mixed with good juice, setting it in motion. not letting it ripen.

Do not listen to the person who claims that the purpose of bringing juice to maturity is to liquefy it, and hot juice is already liquid and does not need to be liquefied. This is not the case as he says. On the contrary, the goal in bringing matter to maturity is to balance its composition so that it becomes ready for easy expulsion, and all liquid and flowing, thick and tenacious, viscous and sticky juices are not ready for easy expulsion; on the contrary, you have to thicken the liquid juice a little, thin out the thick one a little and break the viscous one. And even if this person, in the ancient discussions of bringing juices to maturity, had not heard anything of what we said, but had thought about how the juices emitted in phlegm ripen, and remembered that liquid juices need to be thickened, and thick ones need to be liquefied, this would definitely lead him on the right path. Why doesn’t he think to himself and say: Why is it that urine in bottles during acute fevers initially has no sediment, and then acquires sediment? And is the praiseworthy sediment really anything other than the pathogenic juice that has had time to ripen? So why doesn’t it rush outward from the very beginning, since the goal pursued in bringing the falcon to maturity is its liquefaction. If so, then at the beginning of blood and yellow gall fevers there must be a commendable sediment in the urine. Since nature can expel such excess only after it. becomes ready for expulsion with urine, then you should know that with the help of medical art the juice can be removed until the time when signs appear in the bottle. maturity is also impossible or difficult and difficult; sometimes the excretion moves the juice, but does not produce sufficient effect, and sometimes it mixes the bad juice with the good. It would be better for that person to trust scientists like Galen and Hippocrates more in what they prescribe, or to think harder and then turn to challenging them. One who argues with the ancients, when he is right, is excusable, but it is proper to first think deeply about the issue. I believe that this person happened to carry out experiments in this area that were successful, and he is based on them; with experiments of this kind, not based on the canons of treatment, they sometimes fail for any researcher, but sometimes they do not disappoint even one of them. This is how you should reason.

And sometimes matter is abundant, mobile and passes from organ to organ, and you think that there is no time to wait until it ripens, or tumors may arise from it, causing sarsam or others, and if left, it will plunge you into danger before that time when one can expect its maturation, and this time necessarily comes later than the period required for normal maturation. In this case, the matter inevitably has to be removed, because the danger from emptying is less than the danger from the matter; Moreover, nature moves to expel matter due to the strong irritation it causes, and if it is assisted, then help will come in handy. Therefore, emptying is necessary.

Know that bloodletting is not one of the activities in which you can wait for the maturation of pathogenic matter, as you wait for it when using it. laxatives; Maturation should be waited only for other juices. If bloodletting was postponed at the beginning of the illness, then do not let it bleed at the end of it, because there is no point in this, and bloodletting often destroys when it coincides with a weakening of strength. The same thing if you are afraid that the juice is overpowering your nature, and caution requires emptying; if there is no maturity, move the matter only at the beginning of the disease, and at the end do not move anything until nature overcomes and the matter has matured. If the nature does not move, move it yourself properly; if it begins to move or has already moved, then leave it to do its job. This is what Hippocrates calls wandering when he says: A laxative should be used after the disease has matured, but at the beginning of the disease it should not be used, unless the disease is wandering, and in most cases it is hardly wandering. Such untimely but necessary emptying is similar to untimely but necessary feeding of the patient; and evacuation also refers to protection from harm to matter, as nutrition refers to the prevention of prostration.

When you have a bowel movement, choose the time when the fever stops or when it subsides, or the coldest time of the day. Do not evacuate by relaxing on the day of the attack and then do not let the blood flow, do not counteract the deviation of the juice in the proper direction during natural emptying with artificial emptying, and do not raise the juices with your actions during the movement of the attack. In general, during an attack, avoid anything rough in your diet and do not even allow sugar or julab to be drunk with barley water, so as not to provoke an attack by narrowing the passages, for this is dangerous. On the contrary, help nature if there is not too much bad juice, for the doctor is nature’s helper, not an adversary.

Know that you often need a strong and at the same time weak medicine. Its strength is that it removes thick, viscous juice from the bottom, but its weakness is that it weakens in one or two sittings and does not remove much matter at once, so that the patient’s strength does not decrease. With regard to bloodletting, it is wise to postpone it as much as possible, and if this cannot be done, then it is better to multiply the number of bloodlettings rather than multiply the amount of blood released. You should not immediately remove blood in large quantities, because this removes a lot of blood that does not need to be removed, and there is no blood supply left for emptying that may still be necessary. In addition, the forces become too weak to deal with the expected crises.

Know that when epilepsy is combined with fever, treatment of the fever is more important. Know also that a headache sometimes returns a subsiding fever to increase, and the headache must be calmed down. When an infant has a fever, it is necessary to correct the mother's milk. If, during fever, the urine in the bottle is jaundiced, indicating a tumor, then for treatment, drink barley water with sikanjubin, and when the fever calms down, they turn to treating the tumor. If kulanj occurs during a fever, then until the paths open, they drink not barley water, but the juice of rooster meat, when necessary, and do a soft enema, multiplying the oil in it, and then drink barley water, if necessary.

As for laxatives, these include a drink made from tamarind, taranjubin and manna, to which sometimes bindweed juice is added, sometimes the laxative cassia is added, and sometimes scammonium resin is thrown in; They often drink only scammonium resin in julab. It happens that you have to use, for example, sabur, when the material is thick; It is best to wash it and infuse it in chicory juice or chondrilla juice, then turn it into pills. As for yellow myrobalans, some people use them; but when a way is found to do without them, this is done, since the myrobalans tighten the pores after relaxation and the insides become hard from them. And if this is already necessary, then they are used after the matter has fully matured. The juice of both pomegranates, especially when squeezed with their meat, sometimes brings great benefits.

Laxatives also include medicine made from violets and scammonium resin, and violets are about a miskal, and scammonium resin is up to one qirat. Sometimes a little mint is added there.

Often, a medicine is prepared from cooling and thinning substances, in which scammonium resins are placed. For example, pills of this kind: take coriander, bamboo and rose concretions - half a dirham each, camphor - tassuj and scammonium resin - up to half a danak or up to a danak and drink this. Or they take manna - five dirhams, taranjubin - five dirhams, squeezed Syrian apple juice and squeezed quince juice - equally, squeezed fresh coriander juice - a sixth part. The squeezed juices are collected and poured over the manna and taranjubin, thickening the juices until they become almost thick. Then they take camphor - one and a half danak and scammonium resin - dirham, remove the composition from the fire and pour camphor and scammonium resin into it, protecting the medicine so that it does not dissipate with the steam, and then leave it to stand until it gradually thickens on its own . At one time they give you to drink from two dirhams to two dirhams and a half. You can also prepare natif from manna, taranjubin and candy sugar and put in it scammonium and camphor resins in such quantities that in one dose there is camphor up to tassuj, and scammonium resin up to danak, and so that the medicine is pleasant and not disgusting to the soul.

A patient suffering from a cold fever in summer is not allowed into the tent, especially when he is sweating, so that the matter does not stop dissolving. Flatbreads are suitable for such a fever not at the beginning, but only after ripening, emptying too; The lozenges are most suitable for a patient whose fever sticks to the stomach like a limpet.

A person who breaks his usual routine sometimes feels a fever, but this is not so harmful, because the reason here is the violation of his usual routine.