Velopharyngeal Arch

Velopharyngeal arch: anatomy and function

The velopharyngeal arch (also known as arcus palatopharyngeus or arcus pharyngopalatinus) is an anatomical structure at the back of the throat that plays an important role in the normal functioning of the respiratory and digestive systems.

The arcus palatopharyngealus consists of a muscular and ligamentous apparatus, which is located between the posterior ends of the upper palatine arch and the posterior edge of the soft palate. This structure forms a vault over the posterior wall of the pharynx and connects it to the palate. The velopharyngeal arch has the shape of an arc that resembles a semicircle and looks like a bridge connecting the two banks.

The velopharyngeal arch plays an important role in the swallowing process. During swallowing, the muscles of the pharynx contract to move food into the stomach. The velopharyngeal arch rises and narrows to separate the pharynx and nasopharynx. This prevents food from entering the nasal passages and ensures proper direction of food into the esophagus.

In addition, the velopharyngeal arch is involved in the breathing process. When we breathe, air passes through the nose or mouth, into the throat and then into the lungs. At the same time, the velopharyngeal arch expands to provide a free passage for air.

Dysfunction of the velopharyngeal arch can lead to various problems, such as swallowing or speech disorders, airway obstruction and other diseases.

In summary, the velopharyngeal arch is an important anatomical structure that performs key functions in the human body. Understanding its anatomy and function can help treat many medical problems related to breathing and digestion.