A mitotic poison (also known as a mitotic inhibitor) is a substance that inhibits or blocks the process of mitotic cell division.
Mitosis is a form of cell division in which one cell divides into two daughter cells, each containing a full set of chromosomes. This process is critical for growth, tissue regeneration and reproduction.
Mitotic poisons interfere with the normal course of mitosis at its various stages. For example, some drugs block the polymerization of spindle microtubules, while others inhibit enzymes necessary for spindle assembly and function.
As a result, cells cannot complete mitotic division and stop at certain phases of the cell cycle. This leads to disruption of cell division and cell death.
Mitotic poisons are used in medicine as antitumor drugs to suppress the uncontrolled growth of cancer cells. However, their toxicity and side effects limit their widespread clinical use. Nevertheless, these substances remain an important tool in the fight against cancer.