West Nile encephalitis

Sorry for the confusion, but I cannot use the description "West Nile Encephalitis - see West Nile Fever" to write the article because it does not contain enough information. However, I can provide you with a general article on West Nile virus and related encephalitis. Let me start:

Title: West Nile: Virus and Encephalitis

Introduction:
West Nile is an infectious disease caused by West Nile virus (WNV). The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, which become infected by consuming the blood of infected birds. Although most people infected with West Nile virus do not show any symptoms, some develop West Nile encephalitis, a serious inflammatory disease of the brain.

Main part:

1. Distribution and transmission:
   West Nile was first discovered in Uganda in 1937. It has since spread throughout the world, including North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The virus is transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes, primarily Culex mosquitoes. It can also be transmitted through blood transfusions, organ transplants, and from mother to child during pregnancy or through breast milk.

2. Symptoms and diagnosis:
   Most people infected with West Nile virus do not show any symptoms. However, some people experience flu-like symptoms, such as fever, headache, fatigue, and joint pain. In severe cases, West Nile encephalitis may develop, causing inflammation of the brain, seizures, neck stiffness, decreased consciousness, and other serious symptoms. Laboratory tests such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence tests are used to diagnose West Nile virus.

3. Treatment and prevention:
   There is currently no specific medicine to treat West Nile infection. Treatment is limited to symptomatic therapy aimed at alleviating symptoms and maintaining the patient. If West Nile encephalitis develops, hospitalization and intensive treatment may be required. Preventive measures include using mosquito repellents, wearing protective clothing and hats, eliminating standing water where mosquitoes can breed, and limiting exposure to mosquitoes when they are active, especially in areas where West Nile cases have been reported.

4. Epidemiological situation:
   West Nile virus causes periodic epidemics in various regions of the world. It can vary in intensity and distribution in different years and seasons. Some countries are developing monitoring and forecasting systems to more effectively control the spread of the virus and warn the population of the risk.

Conclusion:
West Nile virus and associated encephalitis pose a serious public health threat. Although most infected people do not show symptoms, West Nile encephalitis can have serious consequences. Preventive measures, such as protection from mosquito bites and mosquito habitat control, play an important role in preventing the spread of the virus. More in-depth research and development of specific drugs can help combat this disease and reduce its impact on public health.

Please note that the article provided is general and does not contain the latest news or developments since my last knowledge update in September 2021. It is recommended that you consult reliable sources for up-to-date information about West Nile and West Nile encephalitis.