As for conclusions regarding heaviness or lightness in the head, heaviness in the head always indicates the presence of matter in it, but yellow bile matter is less aggravating and burns more, and black bile matter is more aggravating and causes obsession. The bloody matter is more aggravating than those two, and produces painful throbbing and pain at the bases of the eyes due to the penetration of hot chyme there; it also causes redness and more bloating of blood vessels. Mucus aggravates the most, but causes less pain than blood and yellow gall matter. It induces sleep more than the matter of black bile, gives rise to dullness, laziness and takes away vigor. And as for the conclusions drawn from heat and cold, I mean the heat and cold that the head feels within itself and what the other feels outside, they are not hidden from you. Heat, if it is constant, indicates warmth related to nature, and if it has arisen recently and is disturbing, it means that the heat is incidental. The same, in accordance with this, is the judgment about the coldness of the head, the same should be judged about the dry, cracked scalp, if this is not caused from the outside by cold, from which the skin becomes rough and cracks. The same applies to skin moisture in the absence of internal heat that causes sweat.
Corroding pains, in which it seems as if ants are crawling in the head and eating it, as well as burning pains indicate hot matter, the beating of a hot tumor, this sign is confirmed by the presence of persistent fever. Severe and pressing pain indicates heavy cold matter, bursting pain is a sign of wind matter; this is confirmed by the movement of pain. Pain that resembles hammer blows is indicative of canoe and chronic migraine. It is also indicative on which side the pain is felt. For example, the pain that arises from the involvement of the stomach occurs on one side of the head, and the pain that arises from the involvement of the liver occurs on the other, as we will say later. Sometimes pain also gives indications by its duration. Long-lasting pain in the front and back of the head heralds a disease called faranitus.