Thyroid gland

Thyroid gland

The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ of internal secretion, which is located on the anterior surface of the neck in the area of ​​the thyroid and cricoid cartilages. It plays an important role in regulating many processes of human life.

Anatomy of the thyroid gland.

The pituitary gland, pineal gland, hypothalamus and other brain structures control the functioning of the thyroid gland, changing its size and functional state depending on the needs of the body. If necessary, the formation of gland hormones in men or its functional activity throughout life can be enhanced. A person’s age matters: with increasing age, the size of the thyroid gland can increase by up to 20 mm. In women, it is most often homogeneous and mobile; with pathology, its mobility is also preserved. X-rays of hypothyroidism in the bones of the clavicle and upper ribs often reveal osteoporosis. The appearance of the organ has certain features. Thus, the size of the thyroid gland can fluctuate even within one day (from a few millimeters to two centimeters), in this case we can talk about hyperthyroidism in a woman; the same oscillatory process is typical for men. The size of the gland is determined by its shape, which can be distinguished from each other, but this is not very good, since the reason for their occurrence is still the same - pathology of the pituitary gland, which does not matter.

Microscopic structure. The thyroid gland (endocrine apparatus) is the largest of the diffusely vascular organs. The gland consists of parotid follicles with light yellow contents. Each follicle ends with two conclusions