Goiter Accessory

ESOPHAGOCARDIOPHLEGMOSIS (MAXALLI'S DISEASE, ) *ADDITIONAL GOITER*

A goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland. The concept of “additional” or “minor” goiter does not exist. The thyroid gland is located in front of the thyroid tract, in the region of the upper mediastinum, on the anterior surface of the aortic arch and brachiocephalic vessels, often between them. As a rule, it secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone from thyroglobulin, which modulates the metabolism of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, etc. With esophagocardial goiter, the following changes are noted: the thyroid gland is located under the skin at the top of the chest, which is achieved, apparently, by the parathyroid glands, since there is no indication that the thyroid gland lies directly under the skin of this area or intrafascially. The enlarged thyroid gland lacks a mobile connection with the pharynx and trachea. Infiltrative processes of this gland are accompanied by involvement in the pathological process of the choroid, most often the parietal and cranial nerves, blood vessels and thrombosis. If there is a unilateral goiter, we still see fragments of thyrocytes and blood