Anatomy of the descending artery

As for the descending artery, it first goes straight until it finds support on the fifth vertebra, for this vertebra is located opposite the origin of the heart, and there is a tusa, which serves as a kind of support and support for the artery and a barrier between the artery and the bone of the spine.

When the esophagus reaches this place, it deviates from the artery to the right and does not pass next to it, then, having reached the thoraco-abdominal obstruction, it rises, supported by membranes so as not to constrict the artery.

The descending artery, having reached the fifth vertebra, deviates, descends 6 and stretches along the spine until it reaches the sacrum. Once in front of the chest, it passes by it and leaves several branches.

One branch, small and thin, diverges in the chest cavity containing the lung, and its ends reach the pulmonary tube. As it passes each vertebra, this artery leaves branches near it until it reaches the space between the ribs and the spinal cord. When this artery passes the chest, two arteries branch from it, which go to the thoraco-abdominal barrier and diverge along it to the right and left. After this, it leaves behind an artery, the branches of which diverge in the stomach, in the liver and in the spleen, and from the liver a branch is released to the bladder.

Then follows the artery, which goes to the mesentery, located around the small intestines and large intestine. Then three arteries are separated from this artery, of which the smaller one is assigned to the left kidney, it diverges in the kidney bag and in the bodies surrounding it and brings them life.

The other two arteries go to the kidneys, so that the kidneys can use them to attract the watery part of the blood; the fact is that arteries often attract unclean blood from the stomach and intestines.

Further from these arteries | two arteries leading to the testicles are separated. The artery going to the left ovary is always part of a segment of the artery going to the left kidney; It often even happens that the artery going to the left testicle begins only from the left kidney. The artery going to the right testicle always starts from a large artery and only sometimes, in rare cases, is a share of some part of the artery coming from the right kidney. Then from this large artery are separated the arteries that branch at the vessels located around the rectum, and the branches that diverge in the spinal cord, penetrating there through the openings in the vertebrae, as well as the vessels heading to the groin on both sides, and other vessels going to the testicles. Among these arteries there is a small pair that reaches the “anterior parts” - not the one we will talk about later and which is present in men and women. It merges with the veins.

Then this large artery, having reached the last vertebra, is divided, together with the vein accompanying it - we will talk about this later - into two parts, in the form of a lama as written by the Greeks, that is, in this way: I - part to the right, and part to the left; each of them stretches along the sacrum and goes to the hips. Before reaching the thighs, each of these parts leaves behind a vessel leading to the bladder and to the navel, these vessels meet near the navel. In the fetus they are clearly visible, but in fully developed people their ends dry out and only the roots remain.

From these vessels branches branches that diverge in the muscles lying on the sacral bone. The branches going to the bladder are divided in the bladder, and their ends reach the penis; the remainder of these branches goes to the uterus in women, and they form a small pair of arteries.

As for the arteries descending to the legs, they branch in the thighs into two large branches - external and internal.

The outer branch also has some inward slope. It leaves behind itself a branch in the muscles lying there and then descends. At the same time, a large branch extends forward from it, running between the thumb and second toe; the remainder of this artery goes deep. In most parts of the leg, these arteries pass and extend under the venous branches, which we will talk about later.

Some beating vessels do not accompany the veins, such as the two arteries running from the liver to the navel in the fetal body, the branches of the venous artery passing to the fifth vertebra, the artery ascending to the subclavian fossa, the artery deviating to the armpit, the carotid arteries when they diverge in the network and in the villous membrane of the fetus, as well as arteries going to the thoraco-abdominal barrier, arteries passing to the scapula, along with their branches, arteries going to the stomach, to the liver, to the spleen and to the intestines, arteries descending from the walls of the stomach, and vessels that enter the sacrum alone.

When an ascending artery accompanies a vein along the spine, it lies on the vein so that the less noble organ carries the more noble one. As for the external members, on them the artery goes deep under the vein in order to be more covered and hidden, and it serves as a kind of armor for it. Arteries take veins as satellites for the sake of two things: firstly, so that the veins are connected with the membranes covering the arteries and reside in the organs located between the arteries and veins, and secondly, so that each of these vessels can draw another's blood.