Актиномикоз (Actinomycosis)

Actinomycosis is a rare but serious disease caused by the bacterium Actinomyces israelii. Although the disease can affect various organs and tissues, it most often affects the lower jaw. However, in some cases, actinomycosis can affect the brain, lungs or intestines.

This bacterium is usually present in a person's mouth and does not cause problems, but sometimes it can become pathogenic and cause illness. Actinomycosis can develop both after an apical tooth abscess and after its removal.

One of the characteristic symptoms of actinomycosis is the formation of multiple fistulas that open on the surface of the skin. These fistulas may contain pus and blood and may cause pain and discomfort for the patient.

Diagnosing actinomycosis can be difficult because symptoms can be similar to other diseases. Typically, the doctor conducts bacteriological tests to detect the presence of the bacterium Actinomyces israelii.

Treatment of actinomycosis includes suction of pus and drainage of fistulas, as well as a long course of antibiotics. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the affected tissue.

Overall, actinomycosis is a rare disease, but can be serious if not treated promptly. Therefore, it is important to see a doctor at the first sign of the disease to receive a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Actinomycosis is a rare, non-contagious disease caused by the bacterium Actinomyces israelii. Although it can affect various organs and tissues, the disease most commonly occurs in the lower jaw. However, it can also affect the lungs, brain and intestines.

Actinomyces israelii is an anaerobic gram-positive microorganism that is usually present in the human mouth as part of the normal microflora. However, the bacterium can become pathogenic and cause disease if it gets into the tissue and creates conditions for its reproduction there. This can occur, for example, due to an apical abscess or after tooth extraction.

A characteristic feature of actinomycosis is the formation of multiple fistulas that open on the surface of the skin. These fistulas contain pus and may secrete a characteristic grayish or yellowish coating. The disease can last for many years and lead to the destruction of tissues and organs.

Various methods are used to diagnose actinomycosis, including bacteriological studies, histological studies of biopsies, as well as educational methods such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Actinomycosis is treated with antibiotics, which are usually taken for several months. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the affected tissue. After treatment, it is recommended to regularly see a doctor and undergo follow-up examinations.

In conclusion, actinomycosis is a rare disease that can affect various organs and tissues, but is most common in the mandible. Treatment is based on antibiotics and may require surgery. Regular monitoring and follow-up examinations help prevent possible complications.

Summary of the article:

**Actinomycosis** is a non-contagious infectious disease that is caused by certain bacteria from the actinomycetes group. Upon contact with active bacteria, the production of toxins can occur that affect the condition of the skin, joints and internal organs.

Actinomycosis belongs to the category of infections with difficult to determine transmission factors, but the distinctive features of the incubation phase are cracks in the skin, frostbite, abrasions, or even the presence of removable dentures. When bacteria enter the skin, they gradually spread throughout the body, penetrating through the pores and spreading along the surface of the body, which can lead to the development of multiple fistulas.