Allergic Rhinosi Nusitis

Allergic rhinosinusitis (ARS) is one of the most common allergic diseases of the respiratory tract, which is expressed in inflammation of the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses. This condition often occurs in children between 2 and 4 years of age, but can occur at any age. ARS can occur as an independent disease, but is often combined with or precedes other respiratory allergies.

There are three forms of ARS: seasonal (associated with hay fever), chronic (associated with household allergens) and infectious-allergic (mixed form). All forms go through three stages of development: paroxysmal, catarrhal and vasodilator.

The main symptoms of ARS are itching and burning in the nose, sneezing attacks, nasal discharge (usually watery or foamy), swelling of the eyelids, scleral injection (red eyes), sensation of a foreign body in the eye. With seasonal ARS, general weakness, headache, drowsiness may be observed, the temperature may rise to subfebrile levels, and irritability.

Quite often, ARS precedes the development of bronchial asthma. To make a diagnosis of ARS, clinical data, rhinoscopy (examination of the nasal cavity), radiography (fluoroscopy of the maxillary sinuses and ethmoidal labyrinth), detection of high levels of IgE in nasal secretions, blood serum from the nasal turbinates using radioimmunological methods, skin testing results, etc. are used. conduct a differential diagnosis with rhinosinusitis of infectious origin.

Treatment of ARS includes specific hyposensitization (method of habituation to an allergen), antihistamines, cromolyn sodium, antiallergic immunoglobulin, nasal electrophoresis with diphenhydramine, Intal and other drugs. If these methods have no effect, aerosols containing glucocorticoids are prescribed.

It is important to remember that ARS is a chronic disease and requires long-term treatment and monitoring by a doctor. Timely treatment can relieve many unpleasant symptoms and prevent the development of complications.