Amenorrhea

Amenorrhea: Understanding, Causes and Treatment

Amenorrhea, a medical term, refers to the absence of menstruation in a woman at an age when menstruation is expected and considered normal. This condition can be temporary or permanent and has various causes. Amenorrhea can occur in women of different age groups, ranging from teenagers to women in adulthood.

There are two types of amenorrhea: primary and secondary. Primary amenorrhea means that a girl does not start menstruating after the age of 16. Secondary amenorrhea, in turn, is characterized by the cessation of menstruation in a woman who previously had a normal menstrual cycle.

The causes of amenorrhea can be varied. These may include physiological factors such as pregnancy, lactation (breastfeeding) and post-menopause. However, amenorrhea can also be caused by various pathological conditions and disorders, such as hormonal disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid disorders, genital abnormalities and other diseases.

Diagnosis of amenorrhea includes the collection of medical and anamnestic information, physical examination, laboratory and instrumental studies. Depending on the clinical picture and suspected causes of amenorrhea, the doctor may prescribe hormone level tests, pelvic ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

Treatment for amenorrhea depends on its cause. In some cases, when amenorrhea is caused by physiological factors, intervention may not be required and the menstrual cycle returns naturally. However, if amenorrhea is due to medical conditions, your doctor may recommend medication, surgery, or lifestyle changes.

It is important to understand that amenorrhea can have both physical and psychological consequences for a woman. Physical consequences may include weakening bone tissue (osteoporosis), nutritional deficiencies, and an increased risk of heart disease. Psychological effects may include anxiety, depression and self-esteem problems. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor if you have amenorrhea to receive a professional assessment and recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.

In conclusion, amenorrhea is a condition that requires attention and medical attention. In the absence of menstruation or menstrual irregularities, it is important to consult a doctor to find out the reasons and develop an individual treatment plan. Early contact with a specialist will help prevent possible complications and maintain the woman’s overall health.

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation for 6 months or more at the age of 16-45 years. As a physiological phenomenon, it is observed at this age during pregnancy and lactation. Pathological amenorrhea is a symptom of organic or functional disorders at any level of the reproductive system; accompanied by infertility.

There are primary and secondary pathological amenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea is a pathological condition in which there has been no menstruation. According to the level of damage to the reproductive system, primary amenorrhea is conventionally divided into hypothalamic, pituitary, adrenal, ovarian and uterine.

In practice, it is important to distinguish between primary amenorrhea in the absence of puberty, with delayed puberty, against the background of virilization, and with a normal female phenotype. This suggests the level of damage to the reproductive system.

Primary amenorrhea in the absence of puberty is associated with gonadal dysgenesis. Primary amenorrhea with delayed puberty usually has a cerebral origin.

Primary amenorrhea against the background of virilization is observed with congenital dysfunction of the adrenal cortex, virilizing tumors of the adrenal glands and ovaries.

Primary amenorrhea with a normal female phenotype is observed with uterine aplasia, gynathresia, and testicular feminization.

Secondary amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation after a period of regular or irregular menstruation. Depending on the level of disturbance of the reproductive system, hypothalamic-pituitary, adrenal, ovarian and uterine forms of secondary amenorrhea are distinguished.

Secondary amenorrhea is also observed in cases of dysfunction of the thyroid and pancreas.

Amenorrhea is a disorder of the menstrual cycle in women, characterized by a prolonged absence of menstruation or its regular onset, although outside the optimal timing (absence for more than 3 months).

Amenorrhea affects 8-25% of girls worldwide and even more women in developing countries. About 50% of the causes of infertility are associated with amenorrhea. If amenorrhea is left untreated, it can lead to further complications and other serious illnesses.

There are two main types of amenorrhea: primary and secondary. Primary amenorrhea is diagnosed in girls who have not started menstruating by the age of 14 years. Secondary amenorrhea - in women of any age,