Anal Part of the Rectum

The rectum is the last section of the large intestine that ends at the anus. The anus consists of two circular muscles - the external and internal sphincters, which help control the passage of feces and gases.

The anal rectum, also known as pars analis recti, bna or jna, is the last section of the rectum before the anus. It begins at the level of the ampulla of the rectum and ends at the anus.

Anatomically, the anal part of the rectum consists of three layers of the wall: the internal mucosa, the middle muscular layer and the external submucosal layer. The inner layer contains many glandular structures that produce mucus, which facilitates the passage of feces. The middle layer consists of circular and longitudinal muscles that are involved in the control of bowel movements. The outer layer contains fibers that connect the rectum to surrounding tissues.

The anal part of the rectum also contains many nerve endings that provide sensitivity and control of the sphincter muscles. These nerves play an important role in the bowel movement process and can be damaged by birth trauma or surgery.

Dysfunction of the anal rectum can lead to various diseases such as hemorrhoids, anal fissure, rectal prolapse and pelvic organ prolapse. Treatment for these conditions may include conservative methods such as dietary changes and exercise, as well as surgery.

In conclusion, the anal rectum is an important anatomical structure that plays a key role in the process of defecation and sphincter control. If the function of this part of the rectum is impaired, various diseases can occur that require appropriate treatment.