Anemia

Anemia (Anaemia) is a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood, which carries oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. The main symptoms are: increased fatigue, shortness of breath during exercise, pale skin and poor resistance to infection. Anemia can be caused by significant blood loss (hemorrhagic anemia) as a result of an accident, injury, etc., and is also associated with chronic bleeding, which often occurs in a patient with a gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer or hemorrhoids.

The occurrence of iron-deficiency anemia is associated with a lack of iron in the human body, which is necessary for the production of hemoglobin (see Sideropenia). Hemolytic anemias are associated with the pathological destruction of red blood cells - red blood cells, which contain hemoglobin. It can develop as a result of exposure to toxic substances; due to an autoimmune reaction; exposure to parasites, especially malaria; or in diseases such as thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, in which the shape of red blood cells containing hemoglobin is disrupted, as well as in spherocytosis, which is characterized by an abnormal (spherical) shape of red blood cells. (See also Hemolytic disease of the newborn.)

Anemia can also be caused by decreased red blood cell production, such as in leukemia (where red blood cell production in the bone marrow is suppressed) or pernicious anemia. The different types of anemia can be classified according to the size of the red blood cells, which are large (macrocytic anemia), small (microcytic anemia) or normal (normocytic anemia). (See also Macrocytosis, Microcytosis.)

Treatment of anemia depends on the reasons that caused its development.

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Anemia: Causes, symptoms and treatment

Anemia (eng. Anaemia) is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood, which leads to disruption of the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the body. It is a common condition that can affect people of all ages and genders. Anemia can be caused by various reasons and have a variety of forms and symptoms. In this article we will look at the main types of anemia, their causes, symptoms and treatment methods.

The main symptoms of anemia include fatigue, shortness of breath during exercise, pale skin and poor resistance to infections. However, symptoms may vary depending on the type and severity of anemia.

One of the most common forms of anemia is iron-deficiency anemia. It occurs due to a lack of iron in the body, which is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin, the substance responsible for the transport of oxygen. Iron deficiency anemia is often associated with poor diet, blood loss (for example, gastric or intestinal ulcers) or an intense lifestyle (for example, pregnant women or athletes). Treatment for this type of anemia includes taking iron supplements and adjusting your diet.

Hemolytic anemia is associated with increased destruction of red blood cells. It may be caused by autoimmune reactions, exposure to toxic substances, parasitic infections, or genetic disorders such as thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Treatment for hemolytic anemia depends on its cause and may include immunosuppressants, blood transfusions, or surgery in some cases.

Other forms of anemia include macrocytic anemia, in which the size of the red blood cells is increased, and microcytic anemia, in which the size of the red blood cells is decreased. Both types of anemia can be associated with various disorders in the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Treatment of these forms of anemia is aimed at eliminating the underlying disease that causes impaired blood formation.

Treatment for anemia always depends on its cause. In some cases, a blood transfusion may be required to restore red blood cell and hemoglobin levels. Other types of anemia may require taking medications containing iron or vitamins that help produce red blood cells. In some cases, surgery or specific therapy may be required to eliminate the underlying disease.

In general, diagnosis and treatment of anemia should be done under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. If you suspect or are experiencing symptoms of anemia, contact your doctor to get the necessary tests done and determine the best treatment plan.

In conclusion, anemia is a serious medical condition that requires diagnosis and treatment. Different forms of anemia have different causes and require an individual approach to treatment. Timely diagnosis and adequate treatment of anemia can significantly improve the patient’s quality of life and prevent possible complications.