Aneurysm

Aneurysm: causes, symptoms and treatment

An aneurysm is an expansion of the lumen of an artery, which is caused by weakness of the wall or its destruction. It can be single or multiple and occurs as a result of congenital disease of the vessel wall, athero- and arteriosclerosis, trauma, syphilitic and mycotic lesions. Sometimes an aneurysm occurs behind a narrowed area of ​​the vessel (poststenotic). Based on their shape, they distinguish between saccular and fusiform aneurysms, false (the wall is represented by fibrous tissue) and true (the inner lining of the vessel is preserved in the aneurysm).

If there is simultaneous damage to an artery and vein, an arteriovenous aneurysm may develop. In some cases, detachment of the inner lining of the artery occurs, and the blood dissects the walls of the vessel, forming a collection of blood called a dissecting aneurysm.

Symptoms of an aneurysm depend on its size, location, and other factors. Often it exists for a long time unnoticed by the patient (asymptomatic), however, if it is large in size, it can cause disruption of the blood supply to the tissues that feed the affected vessel. When nearby organs and tissues are compressed, corresponding symptoms may occur. The development of cardiac dysfunction is possible when the aneurysm is located closer to the heart.

In the event of an artery rupture (usually of traumatic origin), a perivascular pulsating hematoma forms in the surrounding tissues. Symptoms of a ruptured aneurysm may include swelling, skin discoloration, pain, and a throbbing sensation. Compression of nearby venous vessels is possible. A false aneurysm can become a source of peripheral vascular thromboembolism, manifested by a sudden weakening of the pulse and symptoms of tissue ischemia.

If collateral circulation ensures preservation of limb function and there is no suppuration in the wound, there is no need to rush into surgical treatment; in this case, the operation is performed several weeks after the wound has healed. However, if there are signs of ischemia in the peripheral part of the limb, danger of rupture and enlargement of the hematoma, as well as the development of thromboembolic complications, immediate surgery is indicated.

True aneurysms, such as aortic aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and cerebral aneurysm, may require surgical treatment under certain conditions. The decision about the need for surgery is made by the doctor after examining the patient, including ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

In some cases, with a small aneurysm, the doctor may recommend that the patient monitor the condition of the vessel and conduct regular examinations to identify possible changes.

In general, preventing an aneurysm involves reducing the risk of developing diseases that can lead to its occurrence, such as reducing blood cholesterol levels and controlling blood pressure. It is also important to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including eating right, not smoking, and exercising moderately.

Aneurysm: symptoms, causes and treatment

An aneurysm is an enlargement of the wall of a vessel that can lead to potentially dangerous consequences, such as rupture of the vessel and bleeding into the brain or another part of the body. This is a serious condition that requires immediate attention and treatment.

Causes of aneurysm

An aneurysm can be caused by several factors, including genetic disorders, atherosclerosis, trauma, infections, and other risk factors. Smoking and high blood pressure can also increase the chance of developing an aneurysm.

Symptoms of an aneurysm

In most cases, an aneurysm does not cause symptoms until the vessel ruptures or hemorrhages. However, if the aneurysm is close to the surface of the skin, it may be visible as a protrusion or pulsation on the skin.

When an aneurysm ruptures, symptoms may include a sudden and severe headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, loss of consciousness and other symptoms that may indicate a brain hemorrhage.

Treatment of aneurysm

Treatment for an aneurysm depends on its size, location, and other factors. Small aneurysms may not require treatment, but may require regular testing to ensure they are stable.

Large aneurysms may require surgery. Surgery may involve removing or closing the aneurysm to prevent it from rupturing and bleeding.

In some cases, an aneurysm can be treated endovascularly. This is a procedure in which a catheter with a device is inserted into the dilated vessel to close the aneurysm sac, thereby avoiding open surgery.

In general, treatment of an aneurysm should be carried out under the supervision of specialists and requires an individual approach to each patient. It is important to seek medical help at the first sign of an aneurysm to prevent possible complications and stay healthy.

Aneurysm

An aneurysm is a weakened spot in the wall of a blood vessel that becomes like a hollow tube. Such a vessel is characterized by expansion, which eventually provokes its rupture. This is expressed in different ways: some patients experience sharp pain, others feel pressure or pulsation in the damaged area. This condition is life-threatening. Therefore, it must be detected in the initial stages and treated immediately. There are several types of aneurysms:

1. **Aneurysms of the cerebral arteries**. This is a very dangerous condition that occurs when blood vessels are damaged. Associated with hypertension, atherosclerosis, increased cholesterol levels. The pathology is provoked by a weak vessel wall or atherosclerosis in the area of ​​its branching, as well as strong pressure on the capillaries