Angina

Sore throat: causes, symptoms and treatment

Sore throat is an acute infectious disease that affects the lymphoid tissue of the pharynx, mainly the tonsils. It is caused by bacteria such as hemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus and pneumococcus, as well as viruses, spirochetes and yeasts. Sore throat is a common disease that often occurs in people with weakened immune systems, especially in preschool and school-age children.

Symptoms of sore throat can vary depending on its form. Catarrhal sore throat begins acutely, a burning sensation, dryness are felt in the throat, then pain appears when swallowing. The patient is worried about headache, weakness, high body temperature. On examination, the tonsils are enlarged, bright red, the tongue is dry and coated. Catarrhal sore throat is mild and usually lasts 3-5 days.

Follicular tonsillitis begins with a rise in body temperature to 38-39°C. A severe pain in the throat immediately appears (especially when swallowing), radiating to the ear. Headache, weakness, chills occur, and appetite decreases. The voice may change, nasality and monotony appear. Upon examination, the tonsils are bright red, enlarged, and numerous yellow dots ranging in size from 1 to 3 mm are identified on the surface. These are suppurating follicles of the tonsils; they open after 2-3 days, leaving behind quickly healing erosions. Follicular tonsillitis lasts 5-7 days.

With lacunar angina, the onset of the disease and general symptoms are the same as with follicular angina. However, lacunar tonsillitis is more severe than other forms of tonsillitis. Upon examination, the tonsils are covered with islands of yellow-gray plaque. The islets may fuse, covering a significant portion of the tonsil. The plaque is easily removed without damaging the surface of the tonsil. As a rule, both tonsils are affected. The duration of the disease with lacunar angina is 5-7 days.

In ulcerative-necrotic sore throat (Simanovsky-Vincent), the causative agent is a symbiosis of fusobacteria and spirochetes of the oral cavity. The disease of this form of sore throat is characterized by the appearance of grayish plaques on the surface of the tonsil, which are easily removed, leaving ulcers and necrotic areas. This form of sore throat may also cause severe pain when swallowing, high body temperature, weakness and headache.

Treatment for sore throat depends on its form and cause. If a sore throat is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics are usually used. If the cause is a virus, treatment is aimed at reducing symptoms, such as sore throat and fever. Antiviral drugs, analgesics and antipyretics can be used for this.

To relieve sore throat and reduce inflammation, gargling with antiseptic solutions, such as miramistine or chlorhexidine, can be used. It is also useful to drink warm liquids and humidify the air in the room.

If the sore throat is too severe or accompanied by complications, hospitalization and intensive care may be required. In general, it is important to consult a doctor promptly if symptoms of a sore throat appear in order to begin treatment and avoid possible complications.

Sore throat: Symptoms, causes and treatment

Sore throat, also known as sore throat, is a common upper respiratory tract disease that affects the back of the throat and tonsils. It is characterized by inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsil and can cause unpleasant symptoms and discomfort. In this article, we will look at the main aspects of sore throat, including its symptoms, causes and treatments.

Symptoms of a sore throat can vary depending on its type and severity. However, some common signs include a sore and irritated throat, difficulty swallowing, redness of the tonsils, swelling and the presence of a white coating on the tonsils. Patients with tonsillitis may also experience increased body temperature, general weakness and fatigue, headache and muscle pain.

A sore throat is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection. Most cases of sore throat are caused by group A streptococcal bacteria, although it can also be caused by other bacterial or viral pathogens. The infection is transmitted through airborne droplets that are spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes. High humidity and poor hygiene can also contribute to the spread of infection.

Various approaches are usually used to treat sore throat. If a sore throat is caused by a bacterial infection, your doctor may recommend antibiotics to fight the infection. In the case of viral sore throat, antibiotics are ineffective and treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms. Rest, hot drinks, saline rinsing, and painkillers to reduce pain and fever are recommended.

Apart from treatment, preventing sore throat also plays an important role. Wash your hands regularly, avoid close contact with infected people, and do not share personal items such as cutlery or towels. Strengthening your immune system through proper nutrition, physical activity and adequate rest can also help prevent infection.

In conclusion, sore throat or sore throat is a common disease that causes inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsil and can cause unpleasant symptoms. It is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection and is transmitted through airborne droplets. Treatment for sore throat may include antibiotics for the bacterial infection or symptomatic treatment to relieve symptoms. Preventing a sore throat includes good hygiene, avoiding contact with infected people, and strengthening the immune system.

If you experience symptoms of a sore throat, such as a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, or fever, it is recommended that you consult a doctor. Only a medical specialist can make a diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Despite all the unpleasant sensations, sore throat is a fairly serious disease in which the human body can suffer severe inflammation in the throat. An otolaryngologist who can correctly diagnose and prescribe a treatment regimen will help you cope with this disease. If it is not possible to visit a doctor, and the disease made itself felt at night, then to alleviate the condition, you can take anti-inflammatory, antipyretic drugs and painkillers.

General recommendations The treatment process for sore throat depends on the specific type of disease. However, there are several general recommendations from doctors. Firstly, it is important to prevent complications from occurring. In this regard, it is necessary to call a doctor at home as soon as possible. The specialist will examine the patient and prescribe the correct treatment.

Secondly, monitor the temperature. If the reading is 38-39 °C or higher, you may need to take antipyretic drugs. They will not only alleviate the condition, but also reduce the risk of complications of viral sore throat on other organs and systems. In the initial stages of the disease, it is also permissible to use traditional methods, but only after the approval of a doctor. For example, healers recommend drinking raspberry tea, which has a good effect on the immune system and speeds up the healing process.