Angina

Angina pectoris (stenocardia; from the Greek words steno- - "constriction" and kardia - "heart"; synonyms: angina pectoris, Heberden's disease, angina pectoris) is a heart disease characterized by attacks of intense pain in the chest.

The causes of angina are associated with myocardial ischemia (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) due to narrowing or spasm of the coronary arteries. The most common cause is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.

An attack of angina pectoris is manifested by a sudden squeezing, burning pain behind the sternum, which can radiate (give) to the left arm, shoulder blade, and lower jaw. The pain usually occurs with physical or emotional stress and goes away with rest or taking nitroglycerin.

Nitrates, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and antiplatelet agents are used to treat angina. Surgery may also be required - angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting. Lifestyle and diet changes and risk factor control are important.

Angina: causes, symptoms and treatment

Angina is a heart disease that occurs due to a temporary decrease in blood flow to the heart muscle. The main cause of angina is narrowing of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis. As a result, the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen, especially during physical or emotional stress.

The main symptom of angina is short-term pain in the chest, which can last from 2 to 5 minutes. The pain is usually described as pressing, bursting, or aching, and can radiate to the left shoulder, arm, neck, lower jaw, or even to the right side. However, there is no pain under the left nipple, where the heart is located. Attacks of pain most often occur during physical activity, especially when walking, but not after it stops. The attacks force the patient to stop, but pass within one to one and a half minutes.

In the initial stage of angina, physical activity is not limited, but over time, attacks of pain become more frequent, even with less exertion, and can occur even at rest. Treatment of angina pectoris is aimed at improving blood flow in the heart, reducing pain and preventing complications.

First of all, it is important to change your lifestyle and get rid of risk factors such as smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and diabetes. Your doctor may prescribe medications such as nitroglycerin, beta blockers, calcium antagonists, or antiplatelet drugs to improve blood flow to the heart and prevent blood clots.

In some cases, surgery such as angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery may be required. However, in any case, treatment of angina should only be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

If you experience symptoms of angina, you should contact your doctor immediately. Emergency medical care can be life-saving in the event of an acute myocardial infarction, which can be a complication of angina. Remember that seeking medical help early can help prevent possible complications and keep you healthy.

Angina pectoris is a disorder of the heart that manifests itself in the form of attacks of severe chest pain. People who suffer from angina often experience discomfort or even pain in the chest area during physical activity, stress, smoking or cold air. Angina can be found in adults of all ages, but it usually appears after age 45.

There are several reasons that can lead to the development of angina. Some of them include high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, diabetes and high cholesterol. Also, angina pectoris can be caused by other diseases, such as myocardial infarction, rheumatism, cardiac aneurysm, etc.

One of the main symptoms of angina is an attack of pain in the chest, which usually feels like intense pressure, squeezing or a burning sensation. The pain can last from a few minutes to half an hour and is often accompanied by feelings of anxiety or fear. An attack of pain may be accompanied by shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting or sweating. Chest pain often worsens with exercise, stress, or inhaling cold air.

Various methods are used to diagnose angina, such as ECG, echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. These methods can determine the presence of myocardial damage and identify possible causes of angina, such as narrowing of the coronary arteries.

Treatment for angina includes controlling risk factors such as diet, exercise and smoking cessation. In some cases, medications such as nitrates and beta blockers may be used to reduce