Antigen Transplantation

Transplant antigen (TA) is a group of antigens that play an important role in the development of tissue incompatibility reactions during allogeneic tissue transplants. Humans have different types of antigens, including HLA antigens, granulocyte antigens, and lymphocyte antigens.

HLA antigens (major histocompatibility complex) are the main histocompatibility antigens in humans. They are recognized by immune cells and serve to determine tissue compatibility between donor and recipient during organ or tissue transplantation. HLA antigens are divided into class I and class II antigens, which are present on the surface of various cells of the body.

Granulocyte antigens also play an important role in tissue incompatibility. They are found on the surface of granulocytes, which are a type of white blood cell. Granulocyte antigens can cause immune reactions during bone marrow transplantation or blood transfusion, especially if the donor and recipient are antigen-mismatched.

Lymphocyte antigens are also histocompatibility antigens. They are present on the surface of lymphocytes - cells of the immune system that play an important role in the immune response. Lymphocyte antigens can cause rejection reactions in organ or bone marrow transplantation if they are not matched between the donor and recipient.

Tissue incompatibility reactions can occur during organ transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, or blood transfusion. If the histocompatibility antigens of the donor and recipient do not match, the recipient’s immune system may perceive the transplanted tissue or organ as foreign and trigger immune reactions aimed at destroying the transplanted tissue.

To reduce the risk of tissue incompatibility reactions during transplantation, it is important to cross-match antigens between the donor and recipient. This allows you to select the most compatible donor and minimize the risk of rejection of the transplanted tissue.

In conclusion, transplant antigens play a critical role in determining tissue compatibility in allogeneic tissue transplants. Various types of antigens, such as HLA antigens, granulocyte antigens and lymphocyte antigens, are involved in histoincompatibility reactions and can cause immune reactions during transplantation. Understanding and considering these antigens in donor selection and transplantation are key factors for successful and safe allogeneic tissue transfer. Further research in this area will help improve transplant outcomes and expand treatment options for patients in need of organ or tissue transplants.

Allogeneic tissue transplantation is one of the most effective methods for treating many diseases. However, in this case, tissue compatibility reactions occur, which can lead to serious complications and even death of the patient. Therefore, before each operation, it is necessary to conduct a thorough study for the presence of antigens that have a negative impact on the healing process.

Antigens that cause the development of tissue mismatch reactions during transplantation of allogeneic tissue of alibaractinogenic cells or tissues or in immunology