Arrhenius-Madsen Theory

Arrhenius-Madsen theory is a principle that explains the interaction between nucleic acids and nucleic bases in DNA and RNA molecules and their interaction in the cell with other proteins and nucleic acids. It was developed independently by Swedish physical chemist Svante Arrhenius and Danish bacteriologist Thomsen Madsen in the early 20th century.

The Arrhenius-Madsen theory states that nucleobases such as adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine can bind together to form chains called DNA or RNA strands. These chains serve to store genetic information in cells. However, in order for these chains to function properly, they must be properly unfolded and packaged within the cell.

According to the Arrhenius-Madden theory, two strands of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) meet and bond together using hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. This may be associated with such a task as the correct packaging of nucleic strands in the cell nucleus and in biological membranes.

In addition, according to the Arrhenius–Madden theory, the interaction between DNA and proteins helps regulate certain cell functions, such as the exchange of information about the genetic code and the control of cell division and

Thomas Madsenov and Samuel Arrhenius are two outstanding figures in the history of science. They created a theory that became the basis for understanding the process of transmission of genetic information in the body. This Theory, also known as the Arrhenius - Madsen Theory due to the work of two researchers, is described below.

Arrhenius–Madsen theory The theory describes how cells of different organisms can exchange genetic material. This process is called gene transfer or inheritance of traits. The theory explains how this happens using DNA and RNA molecules - molecules that contain genetic information. In living organisms, these molecules are constantly created and destroyed, but copies of them are stored in the nuclei of cells. Such changes, known as mutations, can lead to new traits. It is gene transfer that helps preserve this genetic material among representatives of the same species.

History of creation The ideas of Arrennius and Madsen about gene transfer became public knowledge at the end of the nineteenth century. Many researchers noticed that newborn animals still had some signs of the mother's body. Some researchers believed that inheritance was actually the process of passing protoplasm from mother to child, such as the similar vestigial tails in newborn ducklings. Only in 1903 did Arrhenius and Mezentsev manage to prove the transmission of genetic material in mammals. While studying the structure of chromosomes, they noticed that in Siamese squall, a mutation in one cell can affect similar changes in another cell. Thus, the Arrheniuses were able to discover that genetic information can be transmitted through the cell nucleus. However, he was unable to formulate a theory of transmitting genes. Only Thomas Madzen and Christian Christensen Bossi did this in subsequent years.

The essence of the Arrhenius-Madzen theory Arrhenius - Madzen theory of gene transfer states that information about genes between cells is transmitted using special molecules - DNA. The maternal body is a donor of DNA, and information from it is transmitted to the offspring during sexual intercourse or fertilization of the egg. Once the genetic material enters the egg, it begins to reproduce thanks to an enzyme called rnase. In this case, two new nucleoli are formed in the daughter cell, each of which will contain a copy of genetic information - RNA. If the cell begins to divide, you