Arteriovenous Shunt

Arteriovenous shunt (AVS) is a pathological condition in which blood from the arteries passes into the veins, bypassing the capillary network. This can occur through pathological anastomosis (for example, congenital or acquired defects of the septa between the chambers of the heart) or through abnormal connections between arteries and veins.

Arteriovenous shunts can occur in various parts of the body, including the brain, lungs, kidneys, liver, and heart. They can be congenital or acquired, and their presence can lead to various diseases and complications such as heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, kidney failure, etc.

The causes of arteriovenous shunt can be various, including genetic disorders, trauma, infections, tumors and other diseases. Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the condition, and may include surgery, medication, or a combination of both.

Overall, arteriovenous shunts are a serious medical problem that can lead to serious complications. Therefore, it is important to diagnose and treat these conditions promptly to prevent the development of serious diseases and improve the quality of life of patients.

**Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF)** are developmental anomalies that are observed in children with 20% to 40% of cases in the world population. **Manifestations of arteriovenous fistulas.** Knowing how these diseases are formed, it is easy to understand all the symptoms and their manifestations. The most typical picture for a child is: - unstable blood pressure (pulsates), especially during the period of enlarged chest; frequent dizziness, cold extremities; pallor, cyanosis of the extremities; convulsions, fainting (usually at the peak of screaming); developmental lag behind peers; excessive fatigue; headaches, itchy skin and pustular rashes on the skin. When feeding and crying, an infant vomits like a fountain (reverse peristalsis) and smells of acetone from the mouth. **The cause of an arteriovenous fistula** is due to the fact that the drainage to discharge venous blood back into the vein is disrupted, resulting in a constant churning force between the arterial and venous beds. Although this disease is relatively rare, it can lead to serious complications and even death if left untreated. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are very important.