Arthus Phenomenon Passive

The passive Arthus phenomenon is an immediate hypersensitivity reaction that occurs in the body of an experimental animal upon administration of an allergen and antibodies obtained from an actively sensitized donor.

With the passive Arthus phenomenon, the following occurs:

1. The donor animal is actively sensitized by introducing an allergen.

2. The donor develops antibodies to this allergen.

3. Antibodies are then isolated from the donor's blood and injected into the recipient - an experimental animal.

4. The recipient is also injected with the same allergen that the donor was sensitized to.

5. In the recipient's body, the injected antibodies interact with the allergen, which leads to the release of allergy mediators and the development of an anaphylactic reaction.

Thus, the passive Arthus phenomenon demonstrates that for the development of an allergic reaction, the presence of specific antibodies to the allergen in the body is sufficient. Active sensitization of the recipient is not required.

Arthus phenomenon (A.f.) is a pathological process that occurs in response to the introduction of an allergen. It manifests itself in the form of delayed-type hypersensitivity, which occurs in the body of an experimental rat or mouse.

A.f. was discovered by the French scientist Arthus in 1905. He was the first to describe this phenomenon and named it after his name.

The essence of A.f. lies in the fact that after the introduction of an allergen into the animal’s body, the immune system is activated. As a result of this, antibodies appear in the blood, which bind to the allergen and form antigen-antibody complexes. These complexes then accumulate in tissues and cause inflammation and cell damage.

One of the main manifestations of A.f. is the formation of granulomas in the lungs and other organs. Granulomas are accumulations of lymphocytes and macrophages that phagocytose antigens and inflammatory products.

In addition, A.f. can lead to the development of various complications, such as bronchospasm, pulmonary edema, abscess formation, etc.

Thus, A.f. represents an important model for studying immune responses and their regulation. It is also used as a test to determine the body's sensitivity to certain allergens and to develop new treatments for allergic diseases.