Blood-Brain Barrier

The blood-brain barrier, or BBB, is a semi-permeable barrier that separates blood and brain fluid, protecting the brain from toxins and dangerous substances. The BGB consists of endothelial cells, which form the basis of the barrier and ensure its semipermeability, as well as astrocytes and pericytes, which maintain the structure and function of the BGB.

One of the main functions of the BGB is to control the entry and exit of substances from the brain. The BHB allows only substances that are not harmful to the brain to pass through it, such as water, glucose, amino acids and some hormones. This allows the brain to get the nutrients it needs and control blood glucose levels.

In addition, BHB protects the brain from infections and other pathogenic factors. It prevents bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms from entering the brain, which can lead to infections and diseases of the central nervous system.

BHB also plays an important role in regulating brain metabolism. It controls the entry and exit of various substances such as neurotransmitters, hormones and metabolites, which helps maintain balance in brain function.

Overall, the blood-brain barrier plays a key role in protecting the brain and maintaining its normal function. Disruption of the BGB can lead to various diseases of the central nervous system, so it is important to understand its functions and mechanisms of operation in order to prevent possible problems.

The blood-brain barrier is a mechanism by which blood circulating throughout the body does not mix with the fluids surrounding brain cells. This barrier is one of the main mechanisms that protect the brain from harmful substances and toxins that can enter it through the blood.

The blood-brain barrier is a semi-permeable membrane that allows liquids to pass through but retains solids and large molecules such as proteins and hormones. This helps protect brain cells from damage and maintain their normal function.

However, the blood-brain barrier is not completely impenetrable. Some substances, such as glucose and amino acids, can easily pass through it. Additionally, some drugs and toxins can cross the barrier and enter the brain, which can lead to serious health consequences.

Various methods are used to prevent harmful substances from crossing the blood-brain barrier. For example, to protect the brain from toxins, special filters in the blood or medications may be used that block the penetration of these substances through the membrane.

Thus, the blood-brain barrier plays an important role in protecting the brain from harmful substances, but it can also be overcome by certain substances and toxins. Therefore, it is important to take precautions when using medications and other chemicals to avoid possible negative health effects.

Introduction

The Blood-Brain Barrier (BGB) is a complex physiological mechanism that prevents the flow of components from the blood into the brain and vice versa. The main function of the BGB is to maintain homeostasis in the brain and protect it from external influences. This is one of the most important factors determining the functioning of the human body and the health of the brain.

BGB functions

The main functions of the BGB are:

1. Regulation of the composition of blood components - BHB controls which substances can enter the brain and which cannot. For example, BHB can prevent the entry of bile acids, bacterial toxins, protein toxins and many other substances that can cause brain diseases. 2. Protect the brain from infections - Since BGB protects the brain from many harmful substances, it also helps prevent bacteria, viruses and other infections from infecting the brain. 3. Regulation of brain growth and development – ​​BGB forms the basis for the regulation of brain growth and maturation during development. It promotes neuronal development, regulates the secretion of neurotrophic factors, and maintains the balance between growth and destruction processes in the brain. 4. Maintaining a balance between neuroprotective and neurodegenerative mechanisms – Processes regularly occur in healthy brain tissue that ensure the quality and function of the brain. BHB also regulates these mechanisms and maintains the balance between them. 5. Participation in the regulation of metabolic processes in brain tissue - BGB controls brain metabolism, promoting the conversion of energy from food into energy for brain function and accelerating cellular respiration. 6. Participation in the development of new cells - Some experimental data indicate that BGB triggers cell proliferation processes and promotes the restoration of neurons and brain tissue after injury. 7. Regulation of microcirculation - BGB regulates the speed, direction and volume of blood and biological fluids flow into the brain tissue. Ensures adequate delivery