Bazndni (Gr. Basis — Foundation)

Basidia (from the Greek "basis" - base) are spore-bearing cells that form at the ends of basidiomycetes (fungi that have club-shaped spore-forming organs). They play an important role in the life cycle of these fungi and are a key element in their classification.

Basidia are branched cells that form at the tops of basidiomycetes and contain nuclei. During the reproduction process of the fungus, the nuclei of the basidium fuse with each other and form a zygote, which then divides into two cells - basidiospores. These spores are then released into the environment where new fungi can germinate.

There are many different basidiomycetes that have different shapes and sizes of basidia. For example, in champignons, the basidia have a stalk and are called sterigmata, on which spores are formed. In other mushrooms, such as fly agarics, the basidia are located on the surface of the lamellae, which are located under the mushroom cap.

Basidia also play an important role in the classification of fungi. For example, basidiomycetes are divided into two groups: basidiomycetes with two-spored basidia and basidiomycetes with four-spored basidia. This division is based on the number of spores that are produced on each basidium.

In general, basidia are important elements in the life cycle of higher fungi and play an important role in their classification. Through research on the basidia and other structures of fungi, we can better understand their biology and use them in various fields such as medicine, food processing and ecology.