Beta globulins are an important fraction of globulins in human serum. They consist of glycoproteins, lipoproteins and metalloproteins (transferrin and ceruloplasmin), which have electrophoretic mobility between alpha and gamma globulins.
Beta globulins play an important role in the human immune system as they are involved in various immune responses such as antibody production, phagocytosis and antimicrobial defense. They are also involved in regulating iron levels in the body, since transferrin contained in beta globulins transports iron from the liver to tissues.
The importance of beta globulins is also due to their role in the development of certain diseases. For example, in malignant tumors such as lymphoma and leukemia, beta globulin levels may be elevated, which may indicate the presence of disease. In addition, beta globulins can be used as biomarkers to evaluate the effectiveness of cancer treatments.
In general, beta globulins are a complex fraction of globulins that play an important role in the functioning of the immune system and can also serve as a biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases.
Beta globulins are one of the classes of immunoglobulin proteins. Such proteins play an important role in the human immune system. They help fight infection and malignant cells. In more detail, beta globulins are a class of proteins that are produced by white blood cells, like leukocytes, and belong to the mononuclear fraction of leukocytes.
Beta globulins were first described in the 40s of the 20th century, and then received the scientific name “globulin” in honor of the English scientists O. Hertley and J. Goode. These scientists in 1942 discovered a unique type of leukocyte antigens belonging specifically to this class of proteins. 8 years later, biochemist Perry E. Shuler was able to isolate this type of antigen in its pure form.
Every new discovery or medical achievement has its own initiators, those people thanks to whom everything happens. Thanks to the efforts of some scientists, this type of globuin received its name beta microglobulin. The name fully corresponds to the structure of this protein, which was studied by scientists together using an electron microscope.
Microglobins are a component of the internal contents of individual structures of the cell nucleus, such as chromosomes and the nucleolus. Most beta microbolins are tumor-specific types