Bile Acids

Bile acids: Meaning and functions in the body

Bile acids are important components of the human digestive system. They perform a number of key functions related to the processing and absorption of fats, as well as the regulation of cholesterol metabolism. One of the main bile acids that performs these functions is cholic acid (acida cholica).

Bile acids are produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. They are released into the intestines during digestion, where they perform several important tasks. First of all, they help digest and absorb fats.

One of the functions of bile acids is to emulsify fats. This means they break fatty molecules into tiny droplets, making them easier for enzymes to break down and allowing nutrients from food to be absorbed more efficiently.

In addition, bile acids play an important role in regulating cholesterol levels in the body. They help remove excess cholesterol from the liver and gallbladder, preventing its accumulation and the formation of stones.

Bile acids also affect digestive processes and the absorption of other nutrients. They help absorb fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and K, and promote adequate absorption of iron and calcium.

Disturbances in the synthesis or functioning of bile acids can lead to various pathologies. For example, a lack of bile acids can cause problems with fat digestion and poor absorption of nutrients. It is also possible for gallstones to form, which can lead to cholelithiasis.

In conclusion, bile acids play an important role in human digestion and metabolism. They help digest fats, regulate cholesterol levels and promote nutrient absorption. Understanding and maintaining normal bile acid function is an important aspect of maintaining a healthy body.