Bronchiola (Bronchiole)

Bronchiole is a branch of the bronchial tree with a diameter of 0.5 to 1 mm, the walls of which are devoid of cartilage. Bronchioles are an important part of the respiratory system and perform the function of transporting air from the trachea to the lungs. They play a key role in the breathing process, and their damage can lead to serious problems in the functioning of the lungs.

Structure and function of bronchioles

The walls of bronchioles consist of smooth muscle tissue, epithelium and connective tissue. The apex of each lobule enters a lobular bronchiole, which gives rise to several generations, the latter branching into terminal bronchioles. Each terminal bronchiole in turn is divided into 14-16 respiratory bronchioles (respiratory bronchioles) of the first order, which are dichotomously divided into respiratory bronchioles of the second order, the latter dichotomously branch into respiratory bronchioles of the third order, forming several generations of alveolar ducts carrying alveolar sacs and alveoli.

From the respiratory bronchioles, alveoli open, tiny sacs where gas exchange occurs between blood and air. The branching system of one terminal bronchiole forms the pulmonary acinus, which is the main functional unit of the lungs. Each acini consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli.

Bronchioles play an important role in protecting the lungs from various harmful substances such as dust, bacteria and other pollutants. They contain cells that produce mucus and phlegm to remove particles of pollution from the lungs. In addition, bronchioles are involved in the regulation of breathing by controlling the flow of air in the lungs.

Bronchiolar syndrome

Bronchioles can become the target of various diseases such as bronchiolar syndrome. This is the name of a group of diseases that are associated with damage to small bronchioles. Bronchiolar diseases include bronchiolitis, bronchiolectasis and cystic fibrosis.

Bronchiolitis is a disease in which the bronchioles become inflamed and narrowed, causing difficulty breathing. Bronchiolectasis is the expansion and deformation of bronchioles, which can lead to stagnation of secretions in them and infections. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease that causes thick mucus to form in the bronchioles, leading to difficulty breathing and an increased risk of lung infections.

In conclusion, bronchioles are an important part of the respiratory system that transports air to the lungs and is involved in gas exchange between blood and air. They also play a role in protecting the lungs from harmful substances and regulating breathing. Despite their small size, bronchioles can be subject to various diseases that can lead to serious problems with the lungs. Therefore, it is important to live a healthy lifestyle and seek medical help at the first sign of breathing problems.

Bronchiole is a branch of the bronchial tree with a diameter of 0.5 to 1 mm, the walls of which are devoid of cartilage. The apex of each lobule includes a lobular bronchiole, which gives rise to several generations, the latter branching into terminal bronchioles. Each terminal bronchiole in turn is divided into 14-16 respiratory bronchioles (respiratory bronchioles) of the first order, which are dichotomously divided into respiratory bronchioles of the second order, the latter dichotomously branch into respiratory bronchioles of the third order, forming several generations of alveolar ducts carrying alveolar sacs and alveoli. Alveoli open from the respiratory bronchioles. The branching system of one terminal bronchiole forms the pulmonary acinus. - Bronchiolar (bronchiolar).

Bronchiolic respiration is a process that enriches the lungs with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from them. This process is an important component of lung function and plays a key role in maintaining the health of the respiratory system. There is an opinion that bronchioles, large intercellular spaces