Bronchioles

Bronchiole is a single-layered flat bronchial rudiment. It arose as a result of involution of the primary bronchial trunks. Used in the body to maintain the tone of the primary bronchial wall and adapt to external conditions. At any age, the lung tissue and embryonic bronchioles are not fully formed. Develop at the second stage of development after hematopoiesis

**Bronchioles** are narrow and small airways that are branches of the bronchial tree and serve to ensure air circulation throughout the body. They are located deep in the lungs, along the walls of the alveoli.

The bronchiole consists of several bronchiolar branches, each of which has its own muscular wall. These branches are called bronchioles and have a diameter of 0.1 to 5 mm. The walls of the bronchioles are lined with a thin layer of epithelium, which protects them from damage by microorganisms and prevents the penetration of harmful substances through their walls.

The functions of bronchioles in the lungs are very important. They provide ventilation to those parts of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide do not reach, and also help maintain the correct balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. The airways also play an important role in protecting the lungs from harmful environmental factors such as allergens and dust particles.

The formation and maintenance of bronchioles is an important process. During embryonic development, future lungs begin to form even before birth. This occurs due to active divisions of stem cells, which eventually migrate into the developing lung. During migration, each stem cell differentiates into a bronchial bundle, around which cells of the bronchiolar wall are formed, forming bronchioles.