Candidiasis (Thrush)

Candidiasis, also known as thrush, is a common disease caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. Although candidiasis is a sexually transmitted disease, it is not caused by bacteria, but by a fungus that can be found on human skin and mucous membranes. Candida fungi are part of the normal vaginal microflora, but when their numbers begin to increase uncontrollably, candidiasis occurs.

Causes of candidiasis

In order for the Candida fungus to cause candidiasis, certain conditions are necessary. The fungus needs a not too acidic environment and a decrease in the body's defenses. Factors that contribute to the development of candidiasis may include taking antibiotics, a weakened immune system, chronic inflammatory diseases, diabetes, poor diet, hormonal changes such as taking birth control and pregnancy, and wearing tight synthetic panties.

Symptoms of candidiasis

Candidiasis can appear in various parts of the body, but the most common is genital candidiasis. In women with candidiasis, there is a profuse white, curd-like discharge, which may be accompanied by unbearable itching and pain in the external genitalia and vagina. Pain occurs during sexual intercourse and urination. In men, the symptoms of candidiasis are not so obvious, but sometimes they may also experience itching and soreness of the external genitalia, and a plaque in the form of a whitish rash may appear on the head of the penis.

Dangers of candidiasis

As soon as there are too many fungi, they begin to destroy the surface layer of cells lining the genitals (vagina or glans penis). Although genital candidiasis is not dangerous to health, it can lead to discomfort and disruption of normal sex life. In rare cases, candidiasis can become chronic and cause damage to nearby organs such as the bladder and intestines.

Diagnosis and treatment of candidiasis

If you have symptoms of candidiasis, you should consult a gynecologist. To make an accurate diagnosis, the doctor may take a vaginal smear and examine the glass under a light microscope. In the case of candidiasis on the glans penis, diagnosis may include a visual examination and a smear.

Treatment for candidiasis includes the use of antifungal medications, such as ointments and creams, as well as oral medications that kill Candida fungi. It is important to follow the instructions for use of the medications and complete the full course of treatment to prevent the recurrence of candidiasis.

To prevent candidiasis, it is necessary to observe the rules of personal hygiene, avoid wearing tight and synthetic panties, eat right and maintain immunity. It is also necessary to avoid inappropriate partners and use condoms during sexual intercourse. If you have an increased risk of candidiasis, for example, if you have diabetes, you should be regularly examined by a gynecologist and follow the recommendations for prevention and treatment.