Cell Division

Cell division is the process of cell reproduction by dividing first the nucleus (karyokinesis) and then the cytoplasm (cytokinesis). There are two main types of cell division:

Mitosis is a cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells with the same set of chromosomes as in the mother cell. This type of division is used for tissue growth and regeneration. The process of mitosis includes four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.

Meiosis is a cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. This type of division is used to produce sex cells (gametes). Meiosis consists of two successive cell divisions and also includes four phases (prophase I and II, metaphase I and II, anaphase I and II, telophase I and II).

Thus, cell division is a fundamental process that allows cells to reproduce and pass on genetic information to daughter cells. The number and set of chromosomes in new cells depends on the type of division.

Cell Division, or mitosis, is an important process in the life of any living organism. It ensures an increase in the number of cells in the body and maintains its viability. During cell division, it first divides into two parts, and then each of them divides again, forming four identical daughter cells. This is called mitosis and occurs in two different phases.

The first phase of mitosis is called prophase. At this time, the nucleus becomes denser, the chromosomes become visible under a microscope and spiral. Then the centrioles (flagella around which the spindle is formed) diverge to opposite poles of the cell.

The second phase is metaphase. Chromosomes are located in the central part of the cell in front of the centromeres and are not attached to the cell membrane. This allows the second phase difference to begin immediately after prophase and complete within a few minutes.

The third phase is anaphase, when the chromatids begin the process of dividing. In this phase, the chromatids move away from the center of the cell and connect to each pole of the cell. Then the cell membrane becomes fragile and a spindle is formed - a semi-elliptical formation, as it moves, the cytoplasm is divided into exactly two.

The last phase of mitosis is telophase, the restoration of the cell after division. First there are threads connecting the daughters