Coma

Coma is a condition in which a person is in a deep unconscious state with disruption of the vital functions of the body. Coma is usually the result of a severe head injury, stroke, heart attack, drug overdose, or other toxic effect on the body.

In a coma, a person is unresponsive to external stimuli and cannot control their movements or express thoughts. The eyes may be closed or open, but the person does not see the world around him. Often in a coma, the functions of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are impaired.

To assess the severity of coma, the Glasgow scale is used - a system for assessing the state of consciousness, which is based on three parameters: eye opening, verbal reaction and motor reaction. Each parameter is rated on a scale from 1 to 5 or from 1 to 6 points, depending on the methodology. The total score determines the severity of the coma: scores from 13 to 15 correspond to a mild coma, from 9 to 12 - moderate coma, less than 8 - severe.

Treatment for coma depends on its cause and severity. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to eliminate the cause of the coma or reduce its severity. In other cases, medications may be used to maintain vital body functions. Rehabilitation after a coma may also be necessary to restore body functions and return to normal life.

Coma is a serious condition that can have a long recovery period and lead to serious complications. Therefore, it is important to take steps to prevent head injuries, cardiovascular disease and other causes that can lead to coma. If you or someone you love is in a coma, seek medical help as soon as possible.

**Coma** is a deep unconscious state with a disorder of the functions of external respiration, blood circulation, thermoregulation, metabolism, dysfunction of the pelvic organs and with the ability to restore nervous reactions only in response to strong stimuli. Coma is possible in all serious illnesses. Its severity is determined by the extent of damage to the brain and its systems, reflected in the degree of dysfunction of the brain. Coma is a prognostically unfavorable sign of the disease. The patient regains consciousness slowly and remains in a state of stupor for a long time. The age of the patient is of decisive importance. In young children, recovery of brain function after coma is favorable, but in adults it is doubtful.

Among the internal factors, oxygen starvation of the brain in combination with brain damage by the products of its peroxidation, as well as disturbances in the electrolyte balance and microcirculation in the brain caused by these factors, are of decisive importance.

The cause in most patients is head trauma (especially open injuries), pain syndrome, malignant hypertension, stroke, and brain infections. The traumatic genesis of coma is proven by the results of scanning (ultrasound) of the brain with parasthesia. Echoencephalography is especially important for diagnosing intracranial hypertension. In case of hemorrhagic stroke, epidural hematoma, stupor may be observed

Coma (Comatose state)

Coma (from ancient Greek κόμα - deep sleep, numbness, deafness, alienation, inaccessibility to contact) is a severe pathological condition between life and death, which is characterized by complete or partial loss of consciousness and reactions to external stimuli, dysregulation of vital functions body, metabolic disorders. Coma can occur acutely or develop gradually against the background of some disease. It can be caused by head injuries, intoxication, cerebral hemorrhage, malignant brain tumors,