Cryosurgery

Cryosurgery is a surgical treatment method based on the use of extremely low temperatures for local tissue destruction.

The main instrument of cryosurgery is a cryoprobe - a thin rod with a cooled tip. Liquid nitrogen, nitrous oxide, or carbon dioxide expands inside the probe to cool the tip. The tip temperature can reach -1960C.

Upon contact with tissues, the cryoprobe causes them to rapidly freeze. As a result, the cells die, and after thawing, the destroyed tissue is replaced by scar tissue.

Cryosurgery is most often used to treat diseases of the retina, destruction of bone tumors, removal of age spots and some benign formations on the skin.

Compared to traditional surgery, cryosurgery is less invasive and causes fewer side effects. However, it requires special precision to hit only diseased tissues without damaging healthy ones.

Cryosurgery: Freezing for treatment and removal

Cryosurgery, also known as cryotherapy, is a treatment method that uses very low temperatures in localized areas of the body to freeze and destroy abnormal tissue. This innovative technique has become popular in medicine due to its effectiveness, minimal invasiveness and ability to precisely target problem areas.

The main instrument used in cryosurgery is the cryoprobe. A cryoprobe is a thin metal needle or probe that can be cooled to extremely low temperatures. There are usually two main methods of cooling a cryoprobe: using carbon dioxide (CO2) or a nitrous-oxygen mixture (for example, liquid nitrogen). Injecting these cold substances into the cryoprobe causes them to expand within the tip, which cools the surrounding tissue.

The cryosurgery procedure is usually performed in an operating room or clinical environment. After preparing the patient and applying local anesthesia, the cryoprobe is carefully inserted into the problem area of ​​the body, such as a tumor or certain skin spots. The cryoprobe is then cooled to a low enough temperature to form an ice ballast that freezes surrounding tissue and destroys abnormal cells.

Cryosurgery has found wide application in various fields of medicine. One of the most common examples is the treatment of retinal detachment. In this case, a cryoprobe is used to freeze the retina, which allows it to be connected to the choroid and prevent further detachment.

Cryosurgery can also be used to destroy some bone tumors. Freezing the tumor leads to its destruction and gradual disappearance over time.

Additionally, cryosurgery can be used to remove certain skin spots such as warts, papillomas and melanomas. Freezing these anomalies leads to their death and subsequent removal.

The advantages of cryosurgery include less invasiveness compared to traditional surgical techniques, shorter recovery time, minimal damage to surrounding tissue, and the ability to repeat the procedure if necessary. However, like any surgical procedure, cryosurgery has its limitations and potential risks. Some of these include temporary discomfort such as pain or swelling in the treatment area, possible damage to surrounding tissue, loss of sensation in the treatment area, and the rare occurrence of burns or scarring.

Overall, cryosurgery is an effective method of treating and removing abnormal tissue that has demonstrated good results in many areas of medicine. However, each case requires an individual approach, and the decision to use cryosurgery must be made by the physician based on the diagnosis and assessment of the patient.

In the future, it is expected that cryosurgery technology will continue to advance, improving the accuracy and efficiency of the procedure and expanding its application in various fields of medicine. Due to its minimal invasiveness and potentially less impact on the patient's body, cryosurgery may become an increasingly popular and preferred treatment modality.

In conclusion, cryosurgery is an important tool in modern medicine that allows the treatment and removal of abnormal tissue through the use of very low temperatures. This method has shown good results in treating retinal detachment, destroying some bone tumors, and removing skin blemishes. Due to its effectiveness and minimal invasiveness, cryosurgery continues to develop and find increasing use in medicine, improving treatment outcomes and patient well-being.

Cryosurgery (“cold surgery”) is a method of surgically affecting tissue as a result of low-temperature exposure to liquid nitrogen. Cryotherapy allows the surgeon to literally freeze areas of tissue using frozen liquid (usually industrial units are used). Cryosurgery is increasingly used in microsurgery, ophthalmology and organ transplantation.

The effect of liquid nitrogen occurs only on pathologically changed areas and surrounding healthy areas, thus sharply reducing the likelihood of damaging them. Apparatus