Delirium

Delirium is an acute mental disorder that occurs when there is organic damage to the brain. It may manifest as illusions, disorientation, hallucinations, or excessive agitation.

Delirium often develops against the background of metabolic disorders, intoxications, diseases such as deficiency or infectious diseases. The causes of delirium are varied, but all cases are based on organic damage to the brain, leading to disruption of its functions.

Delirium is characterized by a rapid onset and short duration. The patient's condition deteriorates rapidly within hours or days. Typical symptoms are disturbances in consciousness, attention, perception, thinking, emotions, and the sleep-wake cycle. The patient loses orientation in time and space.

Thus, delirium is a severe acute mental disorder that requires urgent diagnosis and treatment. Delirium that is recognized promptly and properly treated is usually reversible.

Delirium is a complex psychopathological condition of a person in a period of darkened consciousness. Its development is provoked by an organic disease of the brain, which affects the functioning of thinking and memory. The dilemma in the form of temporary schizotization creates the appearance of a loss of some important quality: the idea of ​​oneself in the surrounding reality, hallucinations, delusions and behavioral disorders. In some cases, delirium is part of a symptomatic complex of organic encephalopathy, creating difficulties for analysis.

Delirium is an acute manifestation of a mental disorder that occurs as a result of an organic disease of the brain that affects its cortex. As a rule, delirium is caused by pathologically altered mental processes, such as illusion, disorientation, misorientation, restlessness, anxiety, and hallucinations of varying severity.

Delirium can result from disorders such as metabolic disorders, infections, intoxication and insufficiency. Taking these factors into account, several types of delirium are distinguished - acute, subacute and chronic forms. It's also worth noting that different people may have different degrees of delirium based on individual brain differences and psychological conditions. First of all, with delirium, emergency medical care is important, the purpose of which, first of all, is to protect a person from danger, since he can become a danger to himself and to others, and if we consider that about 80% of patients with delirium have dementia, then they may not realize the danger. Therefore, as a first measure, the mandatory administration of sedatives intramuscularly or intravenously through a drip is recommended, but many people refuse to take medications, so it is important to understand the patient's needs and, if necessary, agree and sign all the necessary documents before going to the hospital.

*Delirium* is an acute neurological disorder in which a person experiences vivid fantasies and vivid hallucinations, cannot distinguish between real and imagined events, becomes restless, and may speak and act very quickly. This condition is usually characterized by sudden attacks and requires immediate medical attention. Delirium is usually caused by organic diseases of the brain, for example, alcohol or intoxication, and also occurs due to diabetes, hyperthyroidism, or a previous infectious disease.

**Symptoms of delirium**

People with delirium may experience a number of specific symptoms:

1. Hallucinations are the feeling that you see something that you don't actually see. A person can see things that do not exist in reality or distort ordinary objects and people. They may feel like they are being watched, hear voices, or see strange shapes of people or animals. 2. Perception disorders are confusion between what really exists and what only seems to exist. For example, a person may be convinced that a person is approaching him for the purpose of attack, or that he is in an unfamiliar place, which in fact is very close. 3. Orientation impairment - the inability to determine time, place, direction of movement and one’s position in space. 4. Excessive excitement - rapid rhythm of speech, continuous movement of body muscles or limbs, changes in appetite, breathing rhythm and heartbeat. 5. Insomnia or vice versa - inability to fall asleep despite the desire to sleep, or sleep disturbance due to irritants such as hallucinations, anxiety and fear. 6. Absent-mindedness and forgetfulness - loss of memory, attention and concentration, avoidance of important issues and actions or difficulty in performing them. 7. Paradoxical reactions - contradictory answers to the same questions, different topics of conversation and mood changes. 8. Motor disturbances - refusal to move, difficulty maintaining balance or performing movements, forgetfulness of movements, or problems choosing an action. 9. Change in body weight - a sharp increase or decrease in its weight, eating huge amounts of food with rapid emptying of the intestines. 10. Social behavior - non-acceptance of society