Gum (Gingiva, Plural Gingivae)

Gums (Gingiva, Pl. Gingivae): anatomy and functions

The gum, also known as Gingiva or Gingivae (plural), is a layer of dense connective tissue covered by a mucous membrane that covers the alveolar processes of the maxilla and the alveolar part of the mandible, as well as the necks of the teeth. The gums have several important functions in oral health and dental health.

Gum anatomy

The gum consists of two main parts: the bristly gum (free gingiva) and the attached gum (attached gingiva). The bristle gum is the free margin of gum that surrounds the teeth and has a sharp edge. The attached gingiva is located below the setal gingiva and is attached to the tooth enamel and alveolar bone.

Functions of the gums

The gums perform several important functions in the oral cavity. It protects teeth and alveolar bone from harmful bacteria and infections that can cause various gum diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis. The gums also help keep teeth upright and prevent them from shifting.

In addition, the gums play an important role in the aesthetics of a smile, as its healthy and beautiful appearance is a sign of health and good oral care.

Gum diseases

Although the gums perform important functions in the oral cavity, they can also become the target of various diseases and problems. One of the most common gum diseases is gingivitis, which is caused by inflammation of the gums. If gingivitis is left untreated, it can lead to a more serious condition such as periodontitis, which affects the alveolar bone and can lead to tooth loss.

Other gum-related problems may include bleeding, swelling, tenderness and gum recession. Gum recession can lead to damage to tooth enamel, tooth sensitivity, and even tooth loss.

Gum care

Gum care is an important part of oral care. Regular brushing, flossing, and rinsing your mouth can help prevent the development of gum disease. It is also important to visit your dentist regularly for checkups and treatment of gum disease if it develops.

In conclusion, gums play an important role in dental and oral health. Although it can be subject to various diseases and problems, proper gum care can help prevent gum disease and keep your teeth healthy and beautiful. Regular visits to the dentist, proper brushing and flossing should be included in your oral hygiene routine to keep your gums healthy and prevent the development of gum disease. At the first sign of gum problems such as bleeding, swelling or tenderness, you should contact your dentist for diagnosis and treatment.

Gums are the soft tissue surrounding the teeth. They form not only the gum contour of the tooth, but are also connected through the neurovascular bundle (pulp), bone tissue and ligaments with other teeth. It is important that the gums are part of the periodontium, due to which the teeth are securely fixed in