Exudate Muco-hemorrhagic

When infectious agents that cause respiratory diseases enter the human body, an inflammatory process begins. It is accompanied by many symptoms - their totality is called intoxication. One of the main processes occurring during acute inflammation is the formation and secretion of various fluids. Let us consider the types of such discharges in more detail.

Exudate is a biological fluid that consists of water (about 95%) and protein substances (0%-4%, or proteins and inflammatory mediators). The more proteins in the exudate, the more complex the inflammatory process and the higher the level of inflammation. The volume of exudate can vary from 1 ml to a liter (on average, about 50 ml with a prolonged course of the disease).

What liquid may be in the exudate? First of all, part of the secreted secretion is called “mucus”. In addition to water and proteins, the composition includes macrophages - actively moving leukocytes (granulocytes), decomposing bacteria and their waste products. This is precisely the task of exudate. Bacteria released along with the exudate can live not only in the respiratory tract, but also in tissues and respiratory organs, settling on the cilia of cells and leading to their damage. Thus, infection occurs with bacteria that cause specific respiratory diseases. Exudates are easily separated from the affected tissues, which makes it possible to stop the infectious process.

Mucopurulent exudate is dark green (up to

Co-author(s): Saloni Sheth

Muco-purulent and muco-bloody exudates are the result of active inflammatory processes in the body. Tissue staining during exudative inflammation is due to the content of fibrin, a protein that is the most typical component of exudate. These hemorrhagic elements are usually present in the excrement of various domestic animals, fish, birds, large agricultural pests and other insects. Sometimes dark-colored granules that form during dry castration of rabbits are called hemorrhagic. The fibrin component has the unique property of binding water and thus stabilizing the cytoplasm, i.e. prevent cell sedimentation. Mucus-like bodies containing fibrinolytic enzymes dissolve fibrin and thereby promote the removal of exudate from tissues.[1]

However, such reactions can become dangerous if they occur in the cardiovascular system. This situation, most often, is a consequence of traumatic damage to the walls of the vessel or leads to a concomitant disease. Bloody or hemorrhagic inflammation of the wall of a blood vessel is very dangerous to health and is the result of sepsis, severe bruise or tissue cut. In addition, severe diseases of the lower respiratory tract (eg, pneumonia) can cause hemorrhages, which require timely medical intervention in most cases. When such hemorrhage bleeds, it already poses a threat to the patient’s life. Most often, the factor determining this situation is an infection that occurs in human tissues. Unbearable pain, tension in the veins, and other symptoms of poor health are typical clinical manifestations. In some cases, purulent discharge of increased density occurs, representing fibrinated areas of tissue, hemorrhages and bright red hemorrhage.

The danger of hemorrhages arising from granulomatosis, infectious diseases or tumors lies in the possibility of vascular obstruction, disruption of the heart, lungs or brain, leakage of purulent exudate or blood through the vagina or the outer part of tissues, for example, the mouth or lips, as well as more massive hemorrhages in the abdominal cavity.

Naturally, the formation of these hemorrhages due to allergic reactions to insect bites, in particular bees, bleeding disorders, eclampsia or anemia, can be no less serious in the conditions of unprofessional treatment.