For normal functioning, body cells need sugar as a source of energy. During the digestion process, the body breaks down food into sugars that enter the bloodstream. However, sugar cannot freely penetrate from the blood into the body's cells. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, is necessary for the smooth penetration of sugar into cells. Without the proper balance between sugar and insulin, cells begin to starve and the body begins to function improperly.
Causes of diabetes emergencies
Diabetic emergencies are caused by imbalances in blood sugar and insulin levels. To maintain normal blood sugar levels, diabetic patients must strictly monitor their diet and exercise. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes should also monitor their insulin intake. If these two factors get out of control, a person can end up in one of two possible states.
Hyperglycemia: When insulin levels in the body are very low, blood sugar levels rise sharply. This occurs when the patient does not take enough insulin.
Hypoglycemia: When insulin levels in the body are high, blood sugar levels drop sharply. This occurs when the patient does not eat well enough, has excessive physical activity, experiences great emotional stress, or consumes a lot of insulin.
Although diabetes cannot be prevented, medical emergencies associated with the disease can often be prevented. It is very important that a diabetic patient has strictly regulated physical activity and follows the diet prescribed by the doctor. Patients taking insulin should be careful about the exact dosage and timing of infections and regularly check their blood sugar levels. A diabetic patient who keeps these factors under strict control can avoid problems completely.
Signs and symptoms of diabetes emergencies
The main signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia are very similar. Below are the main symptoms:
rapid pulse;
rapid breathing;
• frequent urination;
• desire to eat and drink;
• smell of acetone from the mouth;
• sweating;

• dizziness, drowsiness, confusion
domesticity and strange behavior often perceived
for being intoxicated;
• if the condition worsens, convulsions and
loss of consciousness.
There is no need to worry if you cannot differentiate between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia as first aid for both conditions is the same.