Emphysema Panacinous

Panacinous pulmonary emphysema (e. pulmonum panacinosum; synonym: panlobular pulmonary emphysema) is one of the forms of pulmonary emphysema, in which the pathological process involves all lobules of the lung.

With panacinous emphysema, diffuse expansion of all acini (final respiratory units) is observed due to the destruction of the alveolar septa. This leads to an increase in lung volume, a decrease in their elasticity and impaired gas exchange.

Characterized by shortness of breath and decreased tolerance to physical activity. On auscultation, weakened vesicular breathing is heard.

Panacinous emphysema develops with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases and smoking. Diagnosed using x-rays, computed tomography, and respiratory function tests.

Treatment includes smoking cessation, bronchodilators, and breathing exercises. In severe cases, oxygen therapy and surgical treatment may be required. The prognosis depends on the degree of lung damage.

Pulmonary emphysema is a violation of the elasticity of the lungs, which leads to changes in their function and increases the risk of various diseases of the respiratory system. Emphysema is a condition in which the bronchi dilate and the lung tissue contracts, resulting in loss of functionality of the alveoli of the lungs. This means a decrease in the ability of the lungs to exchange gases and a deterioration in their function. There are several types of pulmonary emphysema, including anatomical, functional, and diffuse. If we talk about the anatomy of the lungs, emphysema can be localized or diffuse.

For the purpose of consideration within the framework of this article, the panacinous type of emphysema is considered - one of the most common options