Encephalitis Japanese

Japanese encephalitis: Threat, manifestations and prevention

Japanese encephalitis, also known as Japanese mosquito encephalitis, is a serious disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JE). This disease is transmitted through the bites of mosquitoes, mainly Culex mosquitoes. Although Japanese encephalitis can occur in different countries, it got its name from the first cases reported in Japan.

Manifestations of Japanese encephalitis can range from a mild infection with no symptoms to severe cases with inflammation of the brain and damage to the nervous system. At the onset of the disease, symptoms may include fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, fatigue and general weakness. Some patients may experience seizures and impaired consciousness.

After this phase, more severe symptoms may appear, such as neck stiffness, seizures, paralysis, and lack of coordination. In some cases, this can lead to almost complete paralysis and coma. Patients who survive severe forms of the disease may experience complications such as memory impairment, paralysis of limbs and problems with motor coordination.

Prevention is an important aspect in the fight against Japanese encephalitis. The most effective way to prevent the disease is vaccination. The Japanese encephalitis vaccine is widely available and is recommended for persons living in endemic areas or planning to travel to such areas.

Additionally, taking mosquito control measures such as using repellents, wearing protective clothing, and installing mosquito nets on windows and doors can significantly reduce the risk of mosquito bites and contracting the virus.

People living or traveling to endemic areas are advised to avoid outdoor activity during peak mosquito activity, usually around dawn and evening. It is also important to avoid stagnant bodies of water, which are ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes.

If you suspect Japanese encephalitis, you should contact a medical specialist for diagnosis and treatment. There is no specific antiviral therapy for Japanese encephalitis, so treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and maintaining the patient's vital functions. Some severe cases may require hospitalization and intensive medical support.

Although Japanese encephalitis is a serious disease, due to advances in vaccination and mosquito control measures, reported cases have decreased in many endemic regions. However, it is necessary to maintain vigilance and awareness about this disease, especially when planning to travel to regions where Japanese encephalitis is still a threat.

In conclusion, Japanese encephalitis is a serious disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus and transmitted through mosquito bites. It can have various manifestations, from mild cases to severe cases affecting the nervous system. Vaccination and mosquito control measures are the main methods of prevention. Vigilance and awareness of this disease play an important role in protecting against it.

**Japanese encephalitis** is an acute viral disease that occurs in the form of paroxysmal attacks with fever, meningeal symptoms, motor and/or mental disorders, and focal brain lesions. In the OIE, the etiological agent is E. i. mosquitoes causing the disease is attributed to the Japanese encephalitis flavivirus. The disease occurs in Russia mainly in areas with a monsoon climate in the Far East; in 2013, an imported case was registered in the city of Kinel. Human susceptibility to flaviviruses by mosquitoes has not been studied. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes through a bite.

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