Enchondroma

What is Enchodroma? - for what reason?

- Enchodromas are benign tumors of bone tissue that arise as a result of their calcification. Refers to pathological fractures of intermediate type

What are ENCHODROMS? - The first mention of them was recorded in 1808, when the case was first described by the famous French anatomist Poncy. The type of tumor was discovered by Fremy, a French doctor who studied the consequences of skeletal injuries. Damage to tissue, i.e. cartilage, appeared precisely because of the internal formation of cells. In most cases, additional tissue is formed - a spur or ridge. The cause is chronic microtrauma that occurs during physical activity. Men under the age of forty are more often susceptible to this disease. Bone enchondroma is a formation of cells that do not contain chondrocyte protein. This disease never becomes malignant (does not turn into a malignant tumor). Causes of the disease This is a defective bone formation with multiple breakdown of chondrocyte cells, which are replaced and grow by osteoblasts. The causes of the disease are associated with cell proliferation, but at the same time there is a disruption in the development of normal chondroid tissues. As a result, areas of structural restructuring appear. The most common causes of new formations of bone tissue of the head or lower extremities: • mechanical effects (bruise, injury) - stress; • infectious lesions (tuberculosis, syphilis); • calcium deposition (degeneration); • changes in metabolism or poor nutrition (dystrophy); • osteochondrosis and deforming spondyloarthrosis (osteochondrosis); • various pathologies of bones and joints (Paget's disease); • mental disorders.

What types of formations are there? Bone enchondroma is usually understood as a benign bone tumor, usually multiple. It was not possible to identify the exact cause of their formation. This disease has two types: primary and secondary. The former are rare; they arise in the articular capsule. The peculiarity of this formation is “double” seams and pronounced icing (microscopic inclusions of calcification). Secondary echondomas arise due to intra-articular pathologies: microprocesses (sclerosing ligaments or femoral condyle), degenerative processes and injuries. Cartilage formation occurs under the periosteum. They grow from inside the cavity due to the internal tissue. Epithelial regulation is decentralized. Manifestations of a secondary nature differ in their localization from the primary one. Symptoms of the disease The lower extremities are most often affected due to mechanical stress: heavy lifting and increased mobility. Signs of manifestation as they grow appear:

• limited movement and pain, discomfort is felt • a feeling of deformation and pain when weather conditions change or body position changes;