Episiotomy

Episiotomy: Incision, Method of Delivery Discussed

During childbirth, an irresistible transformation of the female body occurs, and one of the important aspects of this process is episiotomy. The term "episiotomy" comes from the Greek words "episio" (perineum) and "tome" (incision, dissection) and refers to the surgical cutting of a woman's perineum at the time of childbirth.

An episiotomy is a controlled and deliberate intervention in labor to make delivery safer and more effective. An episiotomy is usually performed during the second stage of labor, before the baby is completely out of the uterus. The surgeon makes a small incision in the woman's perineum to increase the patency of the birth canal and facilitate the delivery process. After the baby is born, the incision is usually stitched up.

There are several basic situations when an episiotomy may be necessary. Firstly, if the birth of the baby occurs quickly, and the tissues of the perineum are not elastic enough to naturally stretch and allow the baby to pass through. In such cases, an episiotomy can prevent tissue tears and related complications. Secondly, an episiotomy may be recommended if the baby is in an abnormal position, such as a transverse or shoulder presentation. In such situations, the perineal incision makes delivery of the baby easier and reduces the risk of injury to both mother and baby.

However, the practice of episiotomy is controversial among medical professionals. Some proponents of episiotomy argue that it can reduce the risk of perineal tissue tears, shorten labor time, and reduce the risk of complications for mother and baby. However, critics point out that episiotomy can cause more severe tears and tissue damage and can also cause long recovery times after childbirth. They note that in most cases the natural distensibility of the perineum is sufficient for the baby to pass safely.

Modern recommendations for the use of episiotomy have become more conservative. Doctors tend to limit its use to only cases where it is truly needed. They prefer natural methods such as perineal massage, hot compresses and other techniques to help the perineal tissue stretch and prepare for the birthing process. In addition, doctors actively use various birth positions to facilitate the passage of the baby through the birth canal.

It is important to note that the decision to perform an episiotomy must be individualized and based on an assessment of medical conditions and risk factors for the mother and child. The doctor should discuss all the options and risks with the patient before deciding to undergo this procedure.

In conclusion, episiotomy is an important birth intervention that may be necessary in certain situations. It is designed to ensure the safety and efficiency of the delivery process. However, the decision to perform an episiotomy should be based on a careful assessment of medical conditions and risks, as well as discussion with the patient. It is important that every woman receives individualized and informed care during labor and delivery to ensure the best outcome for her and her baby.

Episiotomy is a surgical operation of dissecting the perineum and the inner surface of the lower part of the labia majora in women and surgically opening the perineum to prevent complications during vaginal childbirth or to carry it out (operative delivery). The operation is performed in accordance with the labor management plan based on the condition of the woman in labor. The type of episiotomy is chosen by the doctor after examining the postpartum woman. In the postoperative period, antibiotics are prescribed based on culture results, local therapy (oil-based lubricant), and physical exercise may be prescribed.