Eucalyptus globulus.

Eucalyptus globulus: an ornamental tree with numerous uses

Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus globulus) is an evergreen tree belonging to the myrtle family. Its features and varied uses make it one of the most interesting plant species. In this article, we will look at the characteristics and uses of Eucalyptus globulus.

Eucalyptus globulus is a tall tree, reaching a height of up to 40 meters. It has smooth gray bark that gradually cracks and falls off. The leaves on young branches are ovate, and on older ones they are lanceolate and leathery. Eucalyptus blooms in October; its flowers are single, sessile or arranged two or three on a peduncle. The fruit is a capsule fused with a calyx, containing very small brownish-black seeds that ripen in 1.5-2 years.

Eucalyptus globulus grows in the humid subtropics of Georgia and on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. It is often found in marshy soils and floodplains. Due to its resistance to decay, eucalyptus wood is widely used in various industries. It is used in shipbuilding, carriage building, for interior decoration of houses, making pillars, piles and sleepers. Wood alcohol and acetic acid are also obtained from wood.

Eucalyptus leaves are valuable medicinal raw materials. They contain essential oils, tannins, bitterness, resins, aldehydes, alcohols and other useful compounds. Preparations obtained from the leaves have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and expectorant effects, and can also stimulate appetite.

For medicinal purposes, eucalyptus leaves are collected in summer and autumn, but the best quality leaves are considered to be those collected in autumn and winter, from approximately November to February. Infusions, decoctions and plant oils are prepared from them. The leaves are also used to prepare brooms for steam baths.

Infusion, decoction and oil of eucalyptus are used to treat various diseases. They are effective for inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, cough and other respiratory problems. Eucalyptus decoction and infusion can also be used as a gargle for sore throat and other upper respiratory tract infections.

Eucalyptus essential oil is widely used in aromatherapy and the cosmetic industry. Its refreshing and energizing aroma is often used in perfumes, soaps, shampoos and other cosmetic products. This oil is also known for its antimicrobial properties and can be used as a natural mosquito and insect repellent.

In gardening, Eucalyptus globulus is popular as an ornamental tree. Its attractive silver-green leaves and globular crown make it a wonderful landscaping feature. It can be used in gardens, parks and alleys, creating shady corners and giving a unique look to the environment.

However, it is worth noting that Eucalyptus globulus is an exotic plant in many regions and can become an invasive species, crowding out native plants. Therefore, local laws and recommendations must be taken into account before planting it.

In conclusion, Eucalyptus globulus is a unique tree with numerous uses. From its wood to its leaves and essential oil, it has found its use in a variety of industries including construction, medicine, aromatherapy and horticulture. However, care must be taken with its use in environmentally sensitive regions to avoid negative effects on local flora and fauna.