Fowler surgery, or dorsal root transfer surgery, is a surgical procedure that is used to treat some forms of spondylolisthesis, such as grade 3-4 spondylolisthesis, where one vertebra has slipped forward relative to another. This procedure, named after its creator, the Englishman Percy Fowler (1879-1936), was developed in the early 20th century and is still successfully used in medicine.
The Fowler procedure is performed in the lumbar spine, where the surgeon makes a small incision in the skin. Then, using special instruments, he removes bone from the back of the damaged vertebra to create space for the dorsal root. After this, the surgeon moves the root back to its place and fixes the vertebrae in the correct position using metal implants.
The Fowler procedure has several advantages over other treatments for spondylolisthesis. First, it helps restore spinal stability, which reduces the risk of repeated vertebral slippage. Secondly, it can significantly reduce pain and improve the patient’s quality of life.
However, like any surgical procedure, Fowler surgery may have some risks and complications. For example, infection, bleeding, or problems with wound healing may occur after surgery. Complications associated with implants, such as implant movement or rupture, are also possible.
Overall, Fowler surgery is an effective and safe treatment for spondylolisthesis, which can significantly improve the patient’s quality of life. However, before deciding to undergo this procedure, it is necessary to carefully evaluate the patient and his condition, and discuss all possible risks and benefits with the surgeon.