Freschelsa-Tsemaha Reflex

Frechels-Tsemakh reflex: what it is and how it works

The Frechels-Tsemakh reflex is an involuntary contraction of the muscles of the eyelids, which occurs under a strong sound stimulus. This reflex is named after the Austrian otorhinolaryngologist Eduard Freschels and the German physiologist Robert Zemach, who first described it in the early 20th century.

How it works? When a sound stimulus reaches the ear, it vibrates the eardrum and is transmitted to the inner ear. There, the vibration is converted into an electrical signal, which is sent to the corresponding parts of the brain. One of these signals reaches the nucleus of the facial nerve, which is responsible for controlling the muscles of the eyelids. This causes involuntary contraction of the eyelid muscles and protective closing of the eyes.

The Frechels-Tsemakh reflex can be triggered by various sounds, such as loud sounds, explosions, gunshots, rumbles, thunder, noises, etc. It can also be caused by certain other irritants, such as bright lights or strong smells.

This reflex is often called “closing the eyes to sound.” It plays an important role in protecting the eyes from possible injuries and damage that can be caused by strong sound waves.

However, in some Frechels-Tsemakh people the reflex may be too strong, which can lead to significant discomfort. For example, people who suffer from hyperacusis (excessive sensitivity to sound) may experience pain when exposed to strong sound stimuli, which can lead to eyelid muscle spasms.

In general, the Freschels-Tsemakh reflex is an important visual protection mechanism that helps prevent possible damage from strong sound waves. It can also be used in medical research to measure hearing sensitivity and other body functions.

The Freschels-Zemmach reflex is one of the most famous reflexes that describes the influence of the cerebral cortex on breathing and heart rhythm. This reflex was described by the Hungarian otorhinolaryngologist Freschels-Zemach in 1912. Frechels, an ENT specialist, studied the actions that occur in the nervous system during reflex reactions. He described that nerves in the temporal and occipital regions, called lingual nerves, communicate with each other to control breathing and heartbeat.

The Frechels-Zemmach theory is that the cerebral cortex