Gangliolytic Agents

Gangliolytic drugs (from Latin ganglion, ganglia - node, ganglion, and Greek λύτικος - dissolving, weakening) are medications that are used to treat diseases of the nervous system caused by damage to the ganglia, i.e. nerve nodes.

Gangliolytic drugs are used as analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents for neuralgic pain associated with pathological changes in the ganglia. They are also used to treat inflammation in peripheral nerves.

One of the most well-known gangliolytic drugs is ipidacrine (atropine). It is used to treat myasthenia gravis (muscle weakness), which is caused by damage to the nervous system. Ipidacrine stimulates the transmission of nerve impulses in muscles and improves their contractility.

Another popular gangliolytic drug is gabapentin. It is used in the treatment of neuropathic pain caused by diseases of the nervous system. Gabapentin blocks glutamate-sensitive neurons, which leads to a decrease in pain.

However, it should be noted that the use of gangliolytic drugs should be carried out only under the supervision of a physician and as prescribed. Self-medication can lead to serious complications and side effects.

_Gangliolytic or deinnervating medications are a group of substances that promote nerve destruction by acting on nerve endings._

**Substances related to ganglionicidal drugs, according to the mechanism of action, are divided into:** * Disintegrating nerve fibers and tissues - drugs involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine, which regulates the transmission of nerve impulses. Examples: Anticholinesterase drugs: - Proserin - Nerosin - Distigmine bromide Neurotropic antibiotics with a lysis (dissolving) effect • Indocoumarin _In therapeutic doses, they promote neuromuscular transmission by blocking the neurochemical agent acetylquinine. In large quantities, they act oppositely, causing an increase in the neurochemical state and, as a result, disruption of neuromuscular synapses._ _Improve redox processes in the substance of the nervous system and at the tissue level._ _Help normalize the conduction of excitation along the nerve fiber, stabilize the membrane systems of neurons ._ 2. Agents that act directly on nerve fibers, their endings and nerve cells (ophthalmoplegic) Caucholine: has anticholinesteric activity. Affects neurohumoral regulation, improves the conduction of nerve impulses. Occupies the parasympathetic ganglia of the brain, reduces vascular tone. Similar effects lead to changes in the functions of the executive organs of the eyeball. Activates extraocular muscles, increases intraocular pressure. Leads to a sharp constriction of the pupils without reducing visual acuity and dilation of retinal vessels. Tends to accumulate in tissues and gradually reduce the duration of action. Relaxation of the eye muscles does little to change the sharpness of vision, but increases a person’s endurance to optical fatigue. The frequency of blinking decreases, symptoms of general weakness and decreased sensitivity appear. It is an assistant in the treatment of glaucoma and cataracts. Increases the outflow of secondary moisture, resolves hemorrhages under the choroid, exudate in anterior uveitis. Reduces the feeling of heaviness in the eyes, promotes the resorption of exudate, reducing swelling and hyperemia. The drugs have a vasodilating effect by increasing vascular permeability, improve microcirculation, and help the brain better absorb oxygen. Ginkgo Biloba: helps improve blood transport, breaks down substances that increase blood viscosity.

_Interaction with many active drugs is antagonistic in nature. Therefore, treatment of ganglism is carried out comprehensively, taking into account the pathogenetic side of the influence of active ingredients._