Genogeography

Genogeography is a scientific discipline within the framework of genetics and population genetics that studies the geographic distribution of gene pools among the Earth's population. Simply put, it is a branch of science that studies the geographic variation of genes in the human body. Using genomic geography methods, specialists determine how allelic variants of genes enter different regions of the Earth and the most effective mechanisms for their distribution throughout the planet.

This type of modern science was first discussed at the very beginning and mid-twentieth century. In the 20th century, a huge amount of population genetic research was carried out, as eugenic programs became popular, and people became interested in what determines the diversity of the gene pool. Genogeographers were able to quickly combine geography and genetics. Using the Atlantic Ocean as an example, they studied the genetic composition of populations, their genotypes and the characteristics of local and global genetic processes. This scientific work became the basis for the idea of ​​the genogeographic distribution of the population. Thus, there was a need to connect together the geography of the population and its gene pool in connection with human movement, which is called “genogeochemistry” or “genoethnography.”

It so happens that today every person regularly undergoes total screening, that is, a complete analysis of his genetic composition. Genome decoding is an opportunity for early diagnosis of hereditary diseases. Therefore, already at the initial stage of the examination, doctors even calculate the predisposition to them as possible future circumstances of the disease and congenital malformations in the patient’s children. Thanks to DNA sequencing technology, even HHV antigens can be accurately determined in humans. Until recently, the inhabitants of our planet did not have the opportunity to obtain such information, but now genogeographers can fully identify the population regarding the risk of the emergence and development of HIV infection.

**Genogeography** is a field of genetic research that studies the geographic patterns of distribution of various genes and genotypes in populations of organisms, and also connects genetic and geographic processes. This approach allows researchers to understand how human evolution and adaptive changes are related to a specific geographic area.

Genogeographers